Research On Fertility Protection Of Professional Women In Shijiazhuang City Under The Background Of Three-child Policy

Population problem is related to national development and social stability.Focusing on the China-style modernization construction cycle in the next 30 years,we should fully recognize,explore,cherish and exploit the population opportunities in the context of the worsening challenge of negative population growth.Therefore,the country has introduced a three-child policy from 2021 to meet the challenge.Shijiazhuang,as the provincial capital,faces the problem of decreasing fertility rate year by year.The improvement of fertility rate depends on the improvement of fertility protection,which can not only provide economic support and compensation for working women,reduce fertility costs,but also help them relieve work pressure,reduce psychological burden and create a good fertility environment.Based on Rawls’ theory of social justice,fertility cost-utility theory and social support theory,this paper investigates the current fertility protection situation of professional women in Shijiazhuang City by means of literature method,questionnaire survey and interview.In addition,it summarizes the problems existing in the maternity protection of professional women in Shijiazhuang from three aspects: economic security,employment security and physical and mental health security.It is found that there are still a series of problems in the maternity guarantee of professional women in Shijiazhuang City.In the aspect of maternity economic guarantee,the coverage group of maternity insurance is limited,the reimbursement items of maternity medical expenses are narrow and the maternity allowance is low.In terms of maternity and employment protection,employment discrimination is still serious,some professional women have difficulties in returning to work after childbirth,and there is a shortage of child care resources.In terms of physical and mental health protection,the source of health knowledge lacks authority,the lack of physical and mental health protection throughout the life cycle,and the sub-health status of working women is common.Further research shows that the reasons for the above problems are as follows: the main body of maternity insurance payment is single,the reimbursement of maternity medical expenses lags behind the growth of consumption level and the reform of maternity allowance lags behind;The system of supervision and rights protection is not perfect,the training service for returning to work after childbearing is insufficient,and the service guarantee system for childbearing is not perfect;Some female workers lack the awareness of self-health care,the awareness of the unit and community in the promotion of health knowledge,and the attention to mental health and mental health services is not enough.Based on the above analysis,from the perspective of improving the maternity insurance system and improving the scope of economic security,this paper proposes to break the occupation restriction to expand the coverage of maternity insurance,construct a reasonable mode of maternity cost sharing,and explore the security system of "basic medical insurance" + "maternity allowance".From the perspective of clarifying the main responsibility of the policy and strengthening the strength of employment security,it proposes to set up a supervision and rights protection agency to improve the strength of the punishment of gender discrimination,actively carry out standardized reentry training and encourage social forces to participate in the construction of universal care services;From the point of view of strengthening the publicity of maternity protection and improving the consciousness of health care,it is proposed to actively guide the female workers to establish the correct concept of health,attach importance to the role of husband and wife support and intergenerational support,and attach importance to the establishment of sound mental health service system.