| In recent years,among the various policies issued by the state to support fertility,the policy of improving childcare services has received more and more attention.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the demand and satisfaction of childcare services for families of childbearing age under the current supply conditions of childcare services in China,so as to alleviate the childcare problems of families of childbearing age and improve the fertility willingness of couples of childbearing age.Based on the service substitution theory and cost-utility theory,this study takes quantitative research as the main method,supplemented by qualitative research methods.Based on the data of the national population and family dynamic monitoring survey in 2019,this paper systematically studies the current situation and characteristics of the demand for childcare services in China ’s childbearing-age families.It is found that on the one hand,the overall demand for childcare services in childbearing-age families is relatively high,among which the demand for childcare services in one-child,two-child and three-child families accounts for more than 60 %.The demand for childcare services in the eastern region is significantly higher than that in the central and western regions.On the other hand,families of childbearing age pay more attention to the distance from home and other attributes of childcare services.The study further analyzes the influencing factors of the demand for childcare services in child-bearing families,and finds that the demand for childcare services is greatly affected by the education level and occupation of child-bearing couples,and the demand for childcare service attributes of child-bearing families is also affected by family parenting ability.Among them,the age,occupation,education level,employment status and family income of parents all significantly affect the demand for childcare service attributes of child-bearing families.Based on this,this study proposes the following policy recommendations : First of all,we should make full use of and revitalize existing resources,expand the supply of childcare services,and improve the capacity of childcare institutions in view of the high demand for childcare services for families of childbearing age.Secondly,in view of the diversified characteristics of childcare services for families of childbearing age,a diversified childcare service system should be established,and multi-level childcare service institutions should be established according to the needs of different families.Third,increase efforts to cultivate high-quality preschool teachers,build a new type of nursery talent training,training model and a nursery talent training mechanism that meets industry standards and closely follows market demand;finally,we should improve the top-level design of the childcare service system,optimize the management mechanism,and improve the management and supervision system of the childcare service institutions. |
