Research On The Teaching Practice Of "Thinking And Discussion" Column Based On Mazano’s Learning Theory

The "thinking and discussion" column of the 2019 edition of the new high school biology textbook of People’s Education focuses on problem situation and logical thinking,which acts in cooperation with the text.It can not only deepen students’ understanding of the basic concepts and principles of biology,but also play an important role in cultivating students’ high-level thinking such as knowledge transfer,analysis,application,generalization,deduction and expansion.Therefore,combining with the learning situation,flexibly using the "thinking and discussion" column,fully exploring its core value,and improving the students’ necessary knowledge and key abilities are the methods to fully penetrate the New Standard of Biology Education.Mazano has established a two-dimensional education goal system with the interaction of "knowledge area" and "thinking system",which is in sharp consistency with the new curriculum reform concept in China.This study is divided into three parts.Firstly,through the method of literature research,this paper has understood the research status of the column "thinking and discussion".Through the method of text analysis,based on the two-dimensional classification model of Mazano’s theory,this paper has classified the "thinking and discussion" column in the textbook and analyzed the educational strategy.Based on that,the connection between Mazano’s educational theory and the new curriculum standard has been found.Secondly,by using interviews and questionnaires,we have understood the current situation of the application of the "thinking and discussion" column of the textbook by senior high school biology teachers in some areas of the province,and provided the basis for the follow-up practice.Thirdly,on the basis of previous research,the paper has applied the theory to the setting of teaching objectives,the design of teaching activities and the evaluation of teaching effects.Finally,by pre-test and phased tests,the paper has compared the differences between several classes and tested the practical effect of the educational programmes.The survey results show that some teachers’ educational concepts have changed in the face of the new curriculum reform.However,in the face of the "thinking and discussion" column in the textbook,most teachers still used the old way of "preaching".It’s a lack of the training of students’ thinking abilities such as analysis,generalization and application.The educational practice guided by Mazano’s educational objective taxonomy has a good effect on the cultivation of students’ thinking ability.The method is as follows: Firstly,the teaching mode,which is mainly based on student activities and supplemented by teacher guidance,is conducive to students’ understanding and memory of knowledge,and can also cultivate students’ high-level thinking,such as analysis and application.Secondly,when carrying out the teaching of "thinking and discussion" column,we should pay more attention to the development of students’ self-system.Thirdly,according to the learning situation and knowledge difficulty,teachers can adjust the level of thinking and teach students according to their aptitude.Fourthly,in the process of thinking and discussion,the teacher’s guidance should be appropriate.Finally,teaching evaluation should not only focus on the examination of necessary knowledge,but also on the evaluation of students’ key abilities.