Research On The Employment Of Women Of Childbearing Age Under The Background Universal Three-child Policy

In order to actively cope with the aging population,the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress deliberated the Decision on Optimizing the Family Policy and Promoting Long-term and Balanced Population Development in May 2021,and designed a number of measures to encourage couples to have more children.And in August 2021,the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress voted through the decision to amend the Population and Family Planning Law,including a couple can have three children into the population and family planning law.Supporting measures to improve the three-child policy were proposed in the 2022 government Work Report.While the country actively advocates women’s childbearing,childbearing has influenced women’s employment to some extent.From a macro point of view,the "three-child" policy has been introduced for a year,but from the social response,there is no obvious improvement in the fertility intention,on the contrary,there is no lack of doubts in the society.On the one hand,it is due to the high cost of raising children,and on the other hand,it is due to the decrease of childbearing age women.As the main bearer of childbearing,women will face many problems such as interruption of career,increase of unemployment risk,increase of family affairs and decrease of income if they have one more child.It can be seen that the fertility problem is intertwined with the employment of women of childbearing age.If the employment problem is not solved,it is difficult to effectively implement the fertility policy.From a micro point of view,as an important participating force in society,women not only bear the important responsibility of reproduction,but also the important subject of realizing their own value and creating social benefits.Solving the employment problem of childbearing women can not only provide economic sources for families and increase family income,but also help women realize their value in life,expand career development paths,and enable women of childbearing age to enjoy equal legal employment rights and interests.Therefore,this paper takes child-bearing women under the background of the universal three-child policy as the research object,takes female employment as the entry point,deeply discusses the current situation and existing problems of child-bearing women in employment,and tries to explore better countermeasures to help child-bearing women in employment and better career development.By means of questionnaire survey and interview,the problems are summarized,and it is found that women will be discriminated against by employers in job hunting or employment due to fertility problems.Moreover,some women do not know how to protect their rights when their own rights and interests are harmed due to their insufficient understanding of relevant laws and regulations.At the same time,it is also found that the full-time working hours of women are insufficient,the social system guarantee support in child-rearing is insufficient,some women lack the guidance and training platform,and there is a tension between the skill level and updating and the occupational requirements.According to the reason analysis of the above problems,it is believed that the employer is not strong sense of responsibility and the increase of employment costs lead to women are vulnerable to discrimination in employment.However,inadequate publicity of laws and regulations and women’s lack of legal knowledge lead to women not knowing how to safeguard their own rights and interests when their own rights and interests are harmed.The lack of social support for women’s employment and the large gap between the supply and demand of childcare institutions have reduced the willingness of many full-time women to give birth.The lack of resources and poor quality of vocational skills training platforms also affect women who want flexible employment to some extent.In this paper,countermeasures and suggestions are given to the above problems.We should perfect the legislation against employment discrimination,strengthen the legislation to protect women’s rights and interests,optimize the social insurance system,and give policy subsidies to employers.We should strengthen publicity of laws and regulations,raise women’s awareness of safeguarding their rights,and unblock channels for safeguarding their rights.We will give full play to the function of social support,develop employment assistance posts,encourage parents to raise children,improve public employment services,and develop childcare institutions and family services.Strengthen the construction of women’s employment guidance and training platforms,investigate their real needs,and specify training content according to their needs.In addition,some women of childbearing age are affected by educational factors and regional factors,so the employment and re-employment before and after childbirth are difficult.How to solve the employment problem of such groups is also an important topic to protect the legitimate employment rights and interests of childbearing women and maintain social stability and harmony.