Research On Fertility Willingness And Its Influencing Factors Among Two Children Of Rural One-child Home Childbearing Age Women In Xianyou County

From the family planning was established as the basic national policy in 1982 to selective two-child policy was established in 2015,over more than 30 years,the country has basically and strictly implemented the fertility policies of one-child in city and the one-and-a-half-child in rural areas.As all the areas strictly implement family planning "One-vote veto" and "chief leader in charge of general responsibility" system,low-level birth has been effectively implemented.For more than 30 years,the total fertility rate of women in our country has remained at 1.60 and below,far lower than the replacement fertility rate of 2.1.At the same time,it brings a series of population problems such as imbalance of birth sex ratio and serious population aging.The Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of China held at the end of 2015 formally put forward the decision of "fully releasing the selective two-child policy" and it was officially’implemented in January 2016 in China.The implementation of "all-round selective two-child policy" will inevitably affect the wishes of childbearing-age women in rural areas,leading to structural changes in the level of fertility and the number of births.According to the questionnaire of rural childbearing age women in Xianyou County,it is found that the overall childbirth wishes of rural childbearing-age women still are strong,and most rural women of childbearing age have stated that they intended to have the second children.However,seeing from the more than a year implementation of the policy,there is a difference between the number of actual second children and childbirth wishes of rural childbearing-age women.However,the fertility behavior is the expression of childbearing wish.Discussing the second child fertility wish of childbearing-age women in Xianyou County under the "all-round selective two-child policy" is significant for understanding the childbearing wish of rural childbearing-age women in the middle economic level area,and analyzing the factors influencing fertility wish.In this study,using population information registered by family planning services and random sampling method to survey some of the women of childbearing age who had one child.Using marginal children’s rational choice theory and population optimization theory and descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis methods to pay attention to the basic characteristics of target group of rural childbearing age women in Xianyou County under the "all-round selective two-child policy".The survey found that:1.Childbearing age women in Xiayou County had a overall strong wish for childbearing,most believed that the birth of two children was the most appropriate number,and 1 male and 1 female is the best structure.2.Xianyou County selective two-child policy childbearing age women were most the 25-35 years old,but the ones with most fertile childbearing wishes were the 36-45 years old.3.Age of childbearing age women,payment method of child expense,whether children can be taken care,first child gender,first age had a significant impact on their childbearing wish,while residence,education level,per capita family income,occupation and family structure of rural women of childbearing age do.not had obvious effect on childbearing wish.4.The gender preference remained strong,and the traditional thinking of pursuing the birth of a boy was also deeply rooted.5.First child age and whether the child can be taken care were the key factors affecting the childbearing-age women’s fertility in rural areas.6.The support of last generation to children’s expenses and care had a greater impact on the wish of childbirth.7.Strong childbirth wishes did not translate into higher fertility rates,and there was a difference between the number of children of subjective fertility and the actual number of children born.