Research On Interactive Effect Of Multidimensional Factors On Pupils’ Exercise Behavior

As an important part of a healthy lifestyle,it is of great significance to actively explore the rules and characteristics of physical exercise behavior to promote health.The research on physical exercise behavior has been extensive,but taking primary school students as respondents,from the psychology’s perspective and the way to study the multiple factors’ interactive effect with a combination of vertical and horizontal surveys is relatively scarce.From the exercise psychology’s perspective,this paper comprehensively applies social cognition theory,behavioral ecology model theory,self-efficacy theory and other relevant theories,adopts literature method,questionnaire survey method,mathematical statistics method and logical analysis method to explore the interaction of individual,school and family factors on primary school students’ physical exercise behavior to build the influence mechanism model.It has certain practical significance to improve the students’ physical exercise.Firstly,study variables were determined on the basis of theoretical and literature research,the individual factors selected exercise effectiveness,internal motivation and exercise commitment.The environmental factors of exercise behavior include school and family environmental factors,school factors contain physical curriculum’s condition,physical teachers’ situation and the site facility;Family factors selected parental exercise support,parental exercise habits and sports equipment at home.Then,horizontal and longitudinal investigation were conducted.Using the independent sample T test,single factor ANOVA’s variance analysis,Spearman correlation analysis and other methods to explore the group differences and correlations between individual,school and family factors and physical exercise behavior of primary school students.Through a 12-week,two-stage longitudinal survey of 568 primary school students,carrying out cross-lag analysis and maximum likelihood method to explore the interaction of individual,school and family factors on the physical exercise behavior of primary school students,then the influencing mechanism model was built.The study reached the following conclusions:(1)In primary school students’ group,there are gender differences between aspects of individual factors and physical exercise behavior: boys’ individual factors and physical exercise behavior are better than girls’,and boys’ requirements for site facilities are higher than girls’.There are grade level differences between internal motivation,school factors,parental exercise support and parental exercise habits and physical exercise behavior: students at senior level have better physical exercise behavior than students at lower grade level,and the former than the latter feels higher influence by school factors and parents’ exercise habits.physical curriculum’s condition,physical teachers’ situation and the site facility(2)Individual factors’ exercise efficacy and exercise commitment have significant positive effects on physical exercise behavior of primary school students,and exercise commitment can mediate the influence of exercise efficacy and internal motivation on physical exercise behavior of primary school students;The physical curriculum’s condition and physical teachers’ situation of school factors have significant positive influence on the physical education behavior of primary school students.The physical teachers’ situation can mediate the influence of site facilities on the physical education behavior of primary school students,and the physical curriculum’s condition can mediate the influence of physical teachers’ situation on students’ physical education behavior.Family factors such as parental exercise support and equipment at home have significant positive effects on physical exercise behavior of primary school students.Equipment at home can mediate the influence of parental exercise habits and support on pupils’ physical exercise behavior,and parental exercise support can mediate the influence of parental exercise habits on pupils’ physical exercise behavior.Among the interactive effects of individual,school and family factors on primary school students’ physical exercise,the physical teachers’ situation,physical curriculum’s condition,exercise efficiency and exercise commitment can mediate the influence of site facilities on primary school pupils’ physical exercise behavior.Parents’ exercise support,home equipment,exercise efficiency and exercise commitment can mediate the influence of parents’ exercise habits on pupils’ physical exercise behavior.Exercise commitment can mediate the influence of internal motivation on students’ physical exercise behavior.(3)Individual,school and family factors have complex interactive effects on pupils’ physical exercise behavior.Specifically,school and family factors can directly affect the pupils’ physical exercise behavior and can also indirectly affect their physical exercise behavior through the exercise efficiency of individual factors.School factors mainly affect the pupils’ physical exercise behavior through the physical curriculum’s condition.Family factors affect pupils’ physical exercise behavior mainly through home equipment.The influence mechanism model’s construction reveals the positioning and interaction of individual,school and family factors on physical exercise behavior of adolescents.