A Strategic Study On Training Scientific Reasoning Ability Of High School Students Based On Fermi Problem

Scientific reasoning skills and elements are a kind of thinking process.At the same time,individuals use reasoning skills to solve problems of multivariable systems in problem situations.Then,scientific reasoning ability is the ability of individuals to use reasoning skills to reason in the problem situation,and obtain the required personality psychological characteristics and personality traits in the problem solving of multivariable system.Fermi problem is a multivariable system problem,so Fermi problem has a significant impact on the development of scientific reasoning ability.The application of Fermi problem in physics teaching can improve the acquisition of physics knowledge and cultivate students’ scientific reasoning ability to a certain extent.On the basis of literature review,this study defines scientific reasoning,scientific reasoning ability and constituent elements,and makes clear the connotation and characteristics of Fermi problem,the general process of its solution and the relationship with the original physical problem.Based on constructivism learning theory,cognitive learning theory and educational resource theory,this paper discusses the cultivation of scientific reasoning ability based on Fermi problems from three aspects: problem solving,reasoning elements and representation of problems,and adds the resource base of Fermi problems,trying to classify Fermi problems according to the constituent elements of scientific reasoning ability.Through the scientific reasoning ability scale and Fermi question test,students were tested and investigated,and teachers were interviewed.Combined with students’ test performance,problems existing in the cultivation of students’ scientific reasoning ability in current physics teaching were analyzed,and the following conclusions were reached:(1)The scientific reasoning ability of senior one students is insufficient,and there is a big difference,and the development of scientific reasoning ability in each dimension is not balanced,conservative reasoning mean is the highest,proportional reasoning score is the lowest.(2)Teachers’ understanding of scientific reasoning ability needs to be improved,teachers need to optimize the training and teaching methods,and teachers’ cultivation of students’ interest needs to be developed.(3)There is a positive correlation between scientific reasoning ability and Fermi problem solving.Students with high scientific reasoning ability are better at solving Fermi problems.Finally,on the basis of the investigation and analysis of the current situation,this study puts forward the strategy of training students’ scientific reasoning ability based on Fermi problem and the design of teaching cases for teaching practice.Teaching practice shows that Fermi problem can effectively improve students’ interest in learning and develop students’ scientific reasoning ability.