Research On The Design Of Primary School Mathematics Homework Based On Understanding By Design Theory

With the issuance of the "double reduction" policy and the "Mathematics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education(2022 Edition)",the importance of unit-based teaching mode in the field of education has become increasingly apparent,and the overall teaching and unit homework of units have become one of the core topics in the field of education today.At the same time,mathematics has a wide range of applications in life,and it is a necessary knowledge for every citizen’s life.Therefore,based on UBD theory,this study combines literature method,survey method and homework text method to study the current status of primary school mathematics homework design,analyze its problems and the causes of their formation,and then draw on UBD theory to construct a primary school mathematics homework design framework,so as to provide front-line primary school mathematics teachers with operable homework design guidance methods,aiming to improve the quality of primary mathematics homework.The specific content is as follows:First,the assignment design literature is studied,and then the core concepts of this study are defined.This study sorts out the existing literature from the two aspects of the implementation and strategy research of homework design and the research of UBD theory,so as to provide a reference for this study,and then explore the appropriateness of UBD theory and primary school mathematics homework design,and find that the UBD theory advocating "discipline concept guidance" is compatible with the primary school mathematics homework advocating "content structure" today.At the same time,based on the combing of homework design literature,the core concepts of this study are further determined,namely "homework design","unit homework design" and "primary school mathematics unit homework design".The "three-stage" design model of UBD theory is used as the theoretical basis,that is,the preset learning results are clarified,appropriate assessment methods are determined,and relevant teaching activities are planned,which provides rational support for the framework design of this study.Secondly,the current situation of mathematics homework design in primary schools is studied.In this study,questionnaire survey method,interview method and homework text method were used to study the mathematics homework texts of primary school mathematics teachers,primary school students and primary schools,and the tripartite certification of primary mathematics homework design,primary mathematics unit homework design,and factors affecting the homework design of primary mathematics teachers.From the current situation survey,it is found that there are four problems in the design of mathematics homework:emphasis is placed on the accumulation of homework during class hours,and light on the integration of mathematical knowledge;Focus on the achievement of knowledge goals,and light on the implementation of literacy goals;Focus on the right or wrong results of homework,and light on the evaluation of mathematical thinking;The emphasis is on the training of exam question types,and the light is on the design of individual question types.The reason for the problem is that the teacher’s design concept is solidified and the design concept is biased;Teachers’ practical ability is insufficient,and the homework design process is difficult to implement;The lack of teachers’ expertise and the lack of design guidance methods have led to poor quality of mathematics homework in primary schools.Furthermore,the framework of primary school mathematics homework design based on UBD theory is studied,and corresponding supporting conditions are proposed from the level of school,teaching and research,and application suggestions are given from the level of teachers.In view of the current situation of primary school math homework design,this study builds a framework of primary school math homework design based on the "three-stage" design pattern of UBD theory,which consists of three stages and provides method guidance for primary school math teachers in homework design.The first stage is based on the textbook curriculum standard students,standardize the design of homework objectives,guide teachers from the textbook,curriculum standard and students to formulate homework objectives,first of all,fully analyze the theme in the primary school and the status of the grade;Secondly,according to the requirements of the course standard to determine the requirements of learning section,academic quality assessment standards on the unit,and finally according to the students’ learning situation to determine the starting point of the goal.The second stage is to connect the target content,clarify the evaluation criteria of the work,and guide the teachers to formulate the evaluation criteria of the unit work from the evaluation subject and the evaluation content according to the operation objectives of the first stage,so as to make one correspond to the other.The third stage is to realize the integration of teaching evaluation,design homework content,guide teachers from the type of homework,homework difficulty,homework structure,homework content corresponding to the first two stages,to achieve the integration of teaching evaluation homework design framework.Furthermore,the framework of primary mathematics homework design based on UBD theory is studied,and its differences from regular homework design are analyzed.In view of the current situation of primary school mathematics homework design,this study draws on the "three-stage" design mode of UBD theory to build the framework of primary mathematics homework design,and uses the unit homework design of "Decimal Division" as a case to run through the framework construction process,providing front-line primary school mathematics teachers with methodological guidance and referenceable case design process.The primary school mathematics homework design framework based on UBD theory includes three stages,the first stage is based on the textbook curriculum standard students,preset homework objectives,that is,analyze the elements of homework goal expression,and guide teachers to formulate homework objectives from the three aspects of textbooks,curriculum standards and students.The second stage is to focus on expressive behavior and refine the evaluation criteria,that is,with the help of SOLO target classification theory,the operation objectives are docked upward,the evaluation rubrics are related downward,and the operation evaluation criteria are refined from the evaluation subject and evaluation content.The third stage is to help the core literacy of mathematics,design homework content,that is,clarify the basic principles of mathematics homework design,and then design homework content.It is found that there are three differences between the primary school mathematics homework design framework based on UBD theory and the conventional homework design: the framework design of evaluation before the content,the integrated design of units,and the evaluation design of the concept of expressive behavior.Finally,the supporting conditions of the primary school mathematics homework design framework based on UBD theory are studied.In order to ensure that primary mathematics teachers can effectively apply the primary mathematics homework design framework based on UBD theory,this study puts forward supporting conditions from three perspectives: design concept,design link and design guidance method.From the perspective of design concept,homework discussion activities should be carried out to reverse the concept of taking the test to improve the design concept;Innovate the theory of work design and promote the integration of design practice and theory.From the perspective of the design process,the regulatory indicators of each region should be refined and the top-down operation design process should be examined;Formulate the operation management mechanism and clarify the supervision rules for the operation design process;Coordinate all aspects of assignment design to achieve the high quality of business school assignment design;From the perspective of design guidance methods,a regionalized management system should be built to provide a resource exchange platform from point to point;Jointly create a communication platform inside and outside the school,and establish a school-based excellent homework resource database;Establish a homework teaching and research community to discuss the difficulties in applying the homework design framework.