An Assessment Study On The Formation Of Ohm’s Law In High School Students Based On The History Of Electricity

Physics is a natural science,the formation and mastery of its physical concepts and laws is the basis for students to build a physical knowledge system.The content contained in the formation of physics concepts and laws is closely related to the cultivation of students’ core qualities advocated by the new curriculum standard.In the teaching of high school physics education,teachers pay more and more attention to the teaching of students’ concepts and laws.This research is mainly based on the history of electricity development to excavate the Ohm’s law formed materials,select and process the materials,design the Ohm’s law formed test paper,using the test paper to test the formation of Ohm’s law for students.Through statistics and analysis of the test results,the level of Ohm’s law formation and the basic achievement of core literacy of the tested students are understood,the factors that interfere with the formation of Ohm’s law of students are analyzed,and the reference strategies for promoting the formation of Ohm’s law of students are provided.This paper adopts the research methods of literature research,expert consultation,investigation and statistical analysis,and mainly carries out the research work in the following four parts:The first part is the selection of materials for the formation of Ohm’s law.According to the clue of "the time sequence of Ohm’s Law formation" and "knowledge theme of Ohm’s Law formation",the materials of Ohm’s law development process are arranged,sorted and processed,and the materials of Ohm’s law formation with the history of history as the background are obtained.The second part is the design of Ohm’s law forming test volume.According to the concept and law of "three levels and nine levels",the horizontal framework is formed,and Ohm’s law is formulated to form the horizontal subscale and the bidirectional detail table of the test paper.Based on this,the draft of Ohm’s law is designed to form the test paper.The draft was modified and improved according to the feedback from the experts after evaluation,and then the consistency coefficient P=0.855 was obtained through the analysis of the "investigation mode of Curriculum Implementation"(SEC mode for short)of the test paper,indicating that the Ohm’s law formation test paper and the Ohm’s law formation process material had a good consistency in content theme and formation level.Therefore,the test volume can be used for practical evaluation research.The third part,the practice evaluation research and data analysis of Ohm’s law formation.The practical test takes 706 valid samples from 5 high schools in 4 regions of Guangxi(Nanning A School,Liuzhou B School,Qinzhou C and D School,Yulin E School)as the research object.Among them,A and E schools include Grade 2 and grade 3,B schools only include grade 1,and C and D schools only include grade 2.After the survey,SPSS27.0 software and Excel table were used for statistical description and analysis of the sample data.It was found that the overall difficulty coefficient of the test paper was 0.690,which was moderate,and the test questions had significant differences and correlations.The test conclusions were as follows:(1)The average score of all the tested students is 42.10,which is 69.02% of the full 61 points,and the average level of Ohm’s law formation of students is good.The standard deviation of the population is 11.520,and the difference coefficient is 27.36%(the normal range is 5%-35%),indicating that the degree of dispersion of the population is medium to large.In terms of the proportion of people reaching Ohm’s law,the number of people reaching "know" level accounts for 99.86% of the total number of people,the level of "understand" is 80.45%,and the level of "can do" is 54.11%.The proportion of people at the third level shows a decreasing distribution.The difference analysis of different student groups(grades,schools and genders)is made by standard scores: from the perspective of different grades,the standard score of Ohm’s law formation in senior three is the highest,and that in senior one is the lowest,indicating that the Ohm’s law formation level in senior three is the best,while that in senior one is poor.The result accords with the actual learning situation of the sample.From the second grade of the four schools,the standards of Ohm’s law formation of students in A school are divided into "know" 0.3192,"understand" 0.4354,"can do" 0.2096,all higher than the other three schools.From the perspective of different genders,the standard scores of the three levels of Ohm’s law formation of boys are greater than the standard scores of girls,indicating that the level of Ohm’s law formation of boys is better than that of girls,but the gap between the two is not very big.(2)The question of this assessment involves the measurement of the three core qualities of "physical concept","scientific thinking" and "scientific inquiry".The proportion of those who have achieved these three core qualities of physics is all over 70%,which initially reflects the good development of the core qualities of the assessment objects.(3)By analyzing the wrong choices of each question in the test paper,it is found that the factors that interfere with the formation of students’ Ohm’s law include "weak knowledge transfer","improper information integration" and "confused concept".According to the analysis of the proportion of students who choose these wrong choices among all the tested students,it can be seen that the biggest factor that interferes with the formation of Ohm’s law of students is "weak knowledge transfer",which accounts for 45.04%.(4)According to the previous research and analysis,combined with the actual situation,five strategies are proposed to promote the formation of Ohm’s law in senior high school:(1)Integrate the law to form information and extract the key to the law formation;(2)Strengthen the connection between old and new knowledge and improve the analogical reasoning ability;(3)Attach importance to the process of experimental exploration and data processing;(4)Clever use of mathematical methods to analyze physical laws;(5)Learn to apply and expand Ohm’s law to transfer knowledge.The fourth part,according to the process of the formation of the test paper and the law design of the test paper understanding and the factors affecting the formation of the law of the questionnaire,to investigate all the test students.According to Likert five-level scale,in the nonintelligence dimension,the average score ranked from high to low is: student factor > family background > teacher factor,which roughly reflects the order of the influence degree of these three factors on the formation of students’ rules.In the intelligence dimension of "recognition","extraction","understanding" and other 9 levels,the average score of each level is more than 3,indicating that the content of these 9 levels of the students generally hold a "general agreement" or above degree of recognition.