Study On The Optimization Of Urban Community Time Bank Mutual Support Mode For The Aged

With the rapid development of aged tendency of population in our country,the growth of elderly groups is increasingly accelerated.According to the research,the number of elderly people aged 65 and above in China will reach 346 million and 449 million respectively by 2035 and 2050,with an aging rate of 20.5 percent and 37.3 percent,which means old-age care will become the top priority of China’s social problems in the future.As a novel way of pension for the elderly,time bank can effectively solve the problem of excessive pressure for the elderly in urban communities.However,the role of time banking model in urban communities is very limited.What factors affect the development of time banking model?This paper mainly presents the following research questions:What is the development status of time banking mode in urban community mutual care for the elderly?What difficulties did time bank mode encounter during the operation and why?What can social work do in the optimization of time bank mutual pension mode?In this paper,based on the review of research literature,qualitative research methods such as interview method and observation method are used to collect data on the current situation of the landscape community time bank mutual endowment mode.The paper constructs the analysis framework of influencing factors of social exchange among participants under the time bank model which bases on the theory of social exchange.Firstly,the paper summarizes the realistic motivation of developing community mutual endowment service in scenic community and the logical starting point of introducing the time bank model.Secondly,through the introduction of the current situation of the landscape community time bank model,the motivation behind the exchange behavior of the participants and the obstacles of the exchange process between the subjects are analyzed.At last,this paper puts forward optimization strategies for the obstacles existing in the operation of the time banking model from the perspective of social work.According to the social exchange theory,this paper constructs an analytical framework of"attraction-competition-differentiation-integration",and analyzes the emergence of micro-exchange behavior and macro-social exchange process in the time banking model.It is found that in the operation of the current urban community time bank mutual pension model,social attraction,exchange reciprocity and reciprocity mechanism become the key factors that affect the main participation and exchange behavior of the time bank model.So this paper puts forward suggestions to optimize the mutual pension mode of time bank from three aspects:rich reward,balanced exchange relationship and perfect reciprocal mechanism.