| With the rapid development of economy,the improvement of medical level and the improvement of living environment,the population development presents the characteristics of general extension of life span.Meanwhile,affected by work pressure,cultural changes and other factors,the population birth rate declines,resulting in a dynamic dynamic of rapid growth of the proportion of the elderly population in the world,and the degree of population aging is further deepened.Especially in rural areas,a large number of young and middle-aged labor population migration,rural hollowing,family empty-nest phenomenon is common,leading to the aging of rural areas.As one of the vulnerable groups in the rural elderly,the empty-nesters’ diversified needs for pension are more complex.Family pension,institution pension and community pension are the main ways of rural empty-nesters in our country.But with the weakening of family pension function and the shortage of institutions and community resources,the existing pension mode can no longer meet the diversified needs of empty-nesters.A new pension mode is needed to explore to solve the problem of rural empty-nesters.Under this background,the mode of mutual support for the aged came into being.Mutual support for the elderly is a model choice to actively cope with the aging of the population.It has the characteristics of low cost,non-profit,voluntary,flexibility and so on.The rural empty-nesters can obtain high-quality services in the familiar environment,which can meet the diversified needs of the empty-nesters,and is a new pension model in line with the actual situation in rural China.At the same time,in the context of the continuous development of social work,social workers can use professional methods to provide professional services for rural empty-nesters,which has great professional advantages in solving pension problems and building mutual pension mode.This paper takes the empty-nesters in S village of Yunnan Province as the research object.Through field research on the basic situation of S village and the elderly,it analyzes the problems existing in the old-age care of the rural empty-nesters by means of interview and participatory observation,and concludes that the empty-nesters in S village face difficulties in economic difficulties,lack of spiritual solace,and lack of daily care.Combined with the national policy,local practice and the idea of social work for the elderly,the basic ideas and methods of mutual support service for the empty-nesters in S village have been initially formed: first,scientific assessment of the empty-nesters and the establishment of demand files;Second,explore the value of the elderly themselves,and cultivate "mutual support for the aged" group;Third,mobilize the villagers’ mutual assistance and establish "neighborhood mutual assistance point";Fourth,to assist in the formulation of codes of conduct to promote the orderly development of mutual assistance groups;Fifth,mobilize the enthusiasm of villagers and set up voluntary organizations;Sixth,integrate social resources to build a support network for empty-nesters.Then,based on the contents of the proposed mutual support mode for empty-nesters,the feasibility of social work to carry out mutual support mode for empty-nesters in S village is analyzed in combination with the pension concept,cultural tradition and existing resources of the empty-nesters in S village,and the operation mode of "village overall planning + villager participation + government support +fund guarantee + professional services" is formed.To guarantee the long-term development of mutual support for the aged in S village.Finally,from the perspective of social work,the role of social workers in the rural empty-nesters mutual support mode and intervention strategies are analyzed.It is proposed that social workers should start from the aspects of transforming traditional pension concept,cultivating community voluntary organizations,linking social resources and cultivating talent team,so as to promote the development of empty-nesters mutual support in S village. |
