Investigation Of Current Situation And Analysis Of Factors Influencing Overweight And Obesity In Preschool Children In Ningxia

This study analyzed the current situation of overweight and obesity in preschool children in ingxia area and the influencing factors,summarized the factors related to weight gain in preschool children,screened the potential factors that may have influence on children’s weight gain,provided theoretical value for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity in preschool children,and also provided reference basis for promoting the development of children’s physical health.This study used literature method,questionnaire method,measurement method,logical analysis method and mathematical statistics method to analyze the possible influencing factors on weight gain of preschool children aged 3～6 years in Ningxia area,and the results of univariate analysis showed that:(1)there was statistical significance between gender and preschool children’s overweight obesity,and the detection rate of overweight obesity in boys was significantly higher than that in girls(18.6%vs.1 3.6%,P<0.01);(2)Statistical significance between ethnicity and preschool children’s overweight obesity,the detection rate of overweight obesity in children of ethnic minorities was significantly higher than that in preschool children of Han(20.8%vs.13.95,P<0.01);(3)Statistical significance between family structure type and preschool children’s overweight obesity,the detection rate of overweight obesity in children living with their parents was lower than that in children of other family structure(14.4%vs.1 8.1%,1 8.9%,21.3%,18.7%,P<0.05);(4)statistically significant relationship between being an only child and children’s overweight and obesity,the detection rate of overweight and obesity of only child was significantly lower than that of children with siblings(13.1%vs.17.7%,P<0.01);(5)frequency of physical exercise of father and mother The detection rate of overweight obesity in preschool children whose fathers and mothers exercised physically three times or more per week was lower than that of children who exercised less than three times(fathers:7.6%vs.1 8.2%,P<0.01;mothers:11.5%vs.17.5%);(6)the relationship between screen static activity time and overweight obesity in children was statistically significant.The detection rate of overweight obesity was significantly higher in children with screen time ≥60 min than in children with screen time<60 min(rest days:23.1%vs.14.2%,P<0.001;school days:18.1%vs.14.7%,P<0.001).(7)There was a statistically significant association between weekly moderate to vigorous physical time on rest days and overweight obesity in preschool children,with a significantly lower detection rate of overweight obesity in children with ≥60 min of physical activity than in children with<60 min of physical activity(10.5%vs 17.1%,P<0.05);the results of multifactorial logistic analysis showed that:family structure,whether the child was an only child,frequency of father’s physical activity,weekly screen static activity time on school days,and weekly rest day moderate to vigorous physical activity time were independent influencing factors of children’s overweight and obesity;the decision tree importance type was ranked in order of school day screen static activity time,frequency of father’s physical activity,rest day screen static activity time,and frequency of father’s physical activity.According to the results of the study,the following conclusions were drawn:(1)the overweight obesity rate of preschool children in Ningxia is higher than the national average,and the overweight obesity degree of boys,rural areas and ethnic minorities is more serious than that of girls,towns and Han Chinese;(2)the overweight obesity rate of only children is higher than that of children with siblings,and children with siblings are protective factors for children’s overweight obesity;(3)the frequency of parents’ physical exercise may affect the the occurrence of overweight and obesity in children,and fathers are more likely to motivate children to participate in physical activity than mothers;(4)parents’ knowledge level of children’s physical activity may affect the change of children’s weight;(5)screen static activity behavior is a risk factor for children’s weight gain,and too much screen time may lead to children’s weight gain;(6)moderate to high intensity physical activity time is a protective factor for children’s overweight and obesity(6)Adequate physical activity is beneficial to children’s physical health.Suggestions:(1)strengthen the monitoring of preschool children’s physical fitness;(2)strengthen the publicity on the hazards of overweight and obesity in preschool children;(3)set up a reasonable physical education curriculum for young children according to their physical development;(4)strengthen the tripartite linkage between home,school and society to raise healthy school-age children together.