Study On Key Influencing Factors Of Pre-school Children Overweight And Obesity Based On Decision Tree

PurposesBy measuring the body shape of preschool children in Nanchang and evaluating their weight and obesity grade,the influencing factors of overweight and obesity of preschool children were obtained by questionnaire survey.On this basis,the decision tree model of overweight and obesity of preschool children was established,and the key influencing factors of overweight and obesity were analyzed and their interaction was discussed,to improve the relationship between overweight and obesity of preschool children Obesity research system,for the follow-up targeted health promotion work to provide decision-making reference.MethodsThe cluster stratified random sampling method is adopted.Subjects aged 3-6 years,a total of 5870 kindergartens from 23 kindergartens in Nanchang were recruited,and informed consent was signed with the consent of parents.The height and weight of the children were measured,and the fat and thin grades were classified with the help of the Handbook of national physique measurement standards(for infant).The information about the children,their parents and their families was investigated by questionnaire.By integrating the measurement data and the results of the questionnaire,the target variables were determined and the specific influencing factors were divided into six primary indicators,including children's information,parenting style,sedentary behavior,physical activity,parents' situation and family situation,which were divided into 36 variables.Using IBM SPSS modeler software to create the CHAID decision tree model.Results1.The accuracy of the CHAID decision tree model constructed in this study is 85.23%.The decision tree generated are 5 layers and 42 nodes.2.The results of CHAID model show that the eight variables have a strong correlation with the target variables.Each variable is sorted by importance as outdoor physical activity time,father's BMI,mother's BMI,father's income,indoor physical activity time,father's education level,feeding mode and TV watching time.Among them,three factors(outdoor physical activity time,indoor physical activity time,watching TV time)are related to physical activity and sedentary behavior of preschool children.3.The decision tree model showed that the overweight and obesity rate of preschool children with root node variable outdoor physical activity time>2h/d(2.1%)was significantly lower than other nodes(P<0.01),while that of preschool children with outdoor physical activity time≤30min/d(20.0%)was significantly higher than other nodes(P<0.01).The second leaf node variables of outdoor physical activity time "30min-1h/d" and "1h-2h/d" were father BMI and mother BMI,respectively.The overweight and obesity rate of preschool children with high father BMI(>22.72)and mother BMI(>23.54)was significantly higher than those with low father BMI(≤22.72)and mother BMI(≤ 23.54)(P<0.01).In addition to outdoor physical activity time and BMI of father and mother,father and mother's income,prefer for sports,father's education level,indoor physical activity time of preschool children,outdoor play frequency,feeding style of 4 months after birth,participation in painting specialty class,reading time,watching TV time,sleeping time,indoor game frequency are all statistically significant The leaf node variable for.Conclusion1.The decision tree model established in this study has high accuracy and many nodes,which can meet the needs of the research on the influencing factors of overweight and obesity in preschool children.2.In order of importance,outdoor physical activity time,father's BMI,mother's BMI,father's income,indoor physical activity time,father's education level,feeding style and TV watching time are the key factors that affect the overweight and obesity of preschool children.Among them,physical activity and sedentary behavior are the most important factors affecting the overweight and obesity of preschool children.3.In order to reduce the overweight and obesity of preschool children,the outdoor physical activity time of preschool children should be more than 2h/d.At the same time,30 minld outdoor body time can be used as a warning line to lead to overweight and obesity of preschool children.The overweight and obesity of preschool children are affected by the degree of parents' obesity.BMI of father and mother is an important factor affecting overweight and obesity of preschool children with moderate outdoor physical activity level.Parents' income,indoor and outdoor physical activity and sedentary behavior factors,feeding styles,sleep time of preschool children have decision-making significance for the prevention of overweight and obesity in different levels of preschool children.