What Affects The Technology Transfer Of Chinese Universities?

From Science and Education to Talent Development,Innovation-driven Development Strategy to the construction of National Innovation System,Chinese universities are playing a pivotal role,the fundamental reason is that they have considerable scientific and technological resources in the country and undertake the basic function of serving social and economic development.However,according to the relevant statistical data in recent years,this study finds that Chinese universities have low technology transfer efficiency,and most of the scientific and technological achievements fail to achieve their social and economic value out of the laboratory.In order to solve the problem of "high input,high output but low transformation" in scientific and technological innovation activities,Chinese universities,enterprises,governments and intermediaries perform their respective duties.The Three Helix Theory and Collaborative Innovation Theoretical System also show that the above participants together constitute the basic organizational form of technology transfer in Chinese universities.Based on the number and amount of university technology contracts in 2019,this study analyzes the main factors affecting the technology transfer activities of Chinese universities.Based on the literature and theoretical basis,this study divides the explanatory variables into internal factors at the university level and external factors at the regional level,and establishes a hierarchical linear model which is more suitable for processing multi-layer data according to the nested structure of variables,so as to explore the characteristics of Chinese universities and the regional factors from enterprises,government and intermediary institutions on the scale and quality of technology transfer.It is found that:(1)internal factors at the university level are the most important reasons affecting the efficiency of technology transfer: different types of universities have differences in the scale and quality of technology transfer;Increasing the investment of scientific and technological resources such as funds and scientific researchers is not an effective way to improve the low efficiency of technology transfer in Chinese universities;The technology transfer office can expand the scale of technology transfer in Chinese universities,but its effect is not remarkable at this stage;The affiliation and level of the university and the setting of state key laboratories are not the decisive factors of technology transfer in Chinese universities.(2)Regional economic development level,technology market environment and regional technology intermediary force have a positive impact on the scale of technology transfer in Chinese universities;while regional financial support will promote the overall improvement of the quality of technology transfer in Chinese universities.(3)Regional technology market environment,regional financial support and regional technology absorption demand will regulate the impact of university researchers on the quality of technology transfer.Based on the above conclusions,this study puts forward policy suggestions on promoting technology transfer in Chinese universities.