The Analysis Of Afecting Factors On Elderly's Life Satisfaction Based On Hierarchical Linear Model

With the development and progress of economic and medical care,the population aging has become the inevitable trend of the world's population development.According to the data of the sixth census in 2010,the amount of China's elderly people over the age of 60 has reached 177 million,accounting for 13.26%of the total population,the amount of people over the age of 65 has reached 119 million,accounting for 8.87%of the total population,that indicates China has entered the aging society.At the present,China's economy is still underdeveloped,social security and medical resources are relatively scarce,the pension issue has become a focus of attention of nation and society.To solve the pension problem is not only to achieve the "enough provision for old age",but also to achieve the"happiness",so it is important to study the life quality of the elderly.Life satisfaction is an important index to measure the quality of life,it is the concrete reflection of both subjective evaluation and objective situation.For the elderly withdrawing gradually the field of labor,their life satisfaction is affected by many factors.At present,the domestic research on life satisfaction always use cross-sectional survey data to analysis differences between individuals of elderly with statistical tools.In summary,there are five aspects:economic factor,social factor,demographic factor,physiological factor and psychological factor.But the correlation between various factors and the influence degree on the life satisfaction are not very clear,especially,there is still no exact conclusion how the economic,social,personal,health and psychological factors influence the life satisfaction of the elderly with the increase of age.The paper makes use of the data of Chinese longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,to study the influence of difference between elderly individuals and individual on life satisfaction for innovation and breakthrough point.analysing the dynamic changes of personal and social factors affecting the elderly's life satisfaction.First,the survey data were screened and selected to take out the sample data of the old people in the follow-up survey.Then,the dynamic changes of the elderly's life satisfaction in ten years with different individual characteristics,social characteristics,economic characteristics and psychological characteristics were described by line chart.The influence direction and degree of the factors on the elderly's life satisfaction were preliminarily described.On the basis of dynamic description,the paper makes use of the application of Hierarchical Linear Model in longitudinal research,namely Growth Model to further explore the influence degree of each factor on the elderly's life satisfaction,and try to explain the differences of life satisfaction among individuals,to make clear that combined effects of individual factors and factors related age on the life satisfaction and the interaction of the two factors.Model results show that there are both significant difference among individuals and individual development trends on elderly's life satisfaction.Firstly,among the individual differences,the influence of career type factors is the most significant.In terms of individual characteristics change over time,the effect of social support on elderly's life satisfaction is the most significant compared with age,self-rated health,income adequacy and relative economic status.Secondly,positive personality characteristics have a positive impact on the elderly's life satisfaction,loneliness and other negative emotional factors have a negative impact.Good response ability,language understanding ability,attention and calculation ability,self-care ability also has an important influence on the elderly's life satisfaction.According to the empirical results,it is essential to improve the elderly's life satisfaction for improving their quality of life(including economic and health).At first,society and family should work hard to ensure and improve the living conditions of the elderly,perfect the pension policy,improve medical facilities,provide the adequate economic guarantee for the elderly,solve the elderly medical and pension problems.make their life stable,achieve "enough provision for old age"finally.Secondly,we should enrich the spiritual and cultural life,pay attention to the psychological health of the elderly.In the community or villageset up service conters for the elderty and the activities center,so that the healtly elderly can go out of the house,participate in community cultural activities,or participate in the study of the elderly school.In addition,community should pay special attention on unaccompanied elderly,provide nurse,care and other services for them.At the same time,the establishment of the community(village)hotline for the elderly and vigorous development of pension service both are necessary.