A Study On Primary School Students' Learning Engagement During The Epidemic: The Role Of Family Factor

Education is an important cornerstone of national revitalisation and social progress.General Secretary Xi pointed out that "families,schools,the government and society all have a responsibility to run a good education;the family is the first classroom in life,and parents are the first teachers of their children".With the strengthening of China’s education governance system and capacity,the importance of family education has become increasingly prominent,and a number of policies have been introduced to implement the main responsibility of parental education and improve the capacity of family education.Primary school is the initial stage of learning and plays an important role in the development of learning habits and thinking.As young people are the future of the country and the hope of the nation,attention to the role of family factors on primary school students’ learning engagement has a wide and far-reaching impact.Based on input learning theory and family social capital theory,this paper conducts a study during the special period of epidemic home learning to explore the role of family factors on primary school students’ learning input.Three variables,namely family socio-economic status,parental educational expectations and parenting behaviour,are selected to investigate the influence of the three on primary school students’ engagement in learning and the mechanisms of their influence.Combined with the latest family education law that came into effect in January 2022,the study explores how each family can maximise primary school students’ learning engagement through scientific education in the context of relatively fixed family socio-economic status.Using the whole-group sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted in two public schools in Qingdao,and the 415 questionnaires returned were quantitatively analysed to draw the following conclusions:(1)primary school students’ learning engagement is generally at a moderate to high level,with cognitive strategy engagement to be improved;(2)family socio-economic status has a significant positive effect on primary school students’ learning engagement,with average monthly household income being the main influencing variable;(3)Family socio-economic status indirectly influences primary school students’ learning engagement through the mediating role of parental educational expectations or positive parenting behaviours,and can also influence primary school students’ learning engagement through the multiple mediating roles of parental educational expectations and parenting behaviours.Based on the above findings,the following countermeasures are proposed at the family level: establish correct parenting concepts,strengthen scientific parenting knowledge;ensure appropriate educational input,actively participate in children’s education;give children reasonable expectations,and do a good job of parental modelling and guidance.