| At present,the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is in a critical period of transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.In order to develop into a world-class bay area and build an international scientific and technological innovation center,it must aim at the forefront of world scientific and technological development,face the country’s major development needs,and focus on building a cluster innovation network and promote the formation of high-tech industrial clusters with international competitiveness in the Bay Area.Among them,universities,as the main body of talent training and scientific research,are important nodes in the cluster innovation network and have an important supporting and leading role in the innovation development of the Bay Area.Throughout the world’s three major Bay Areas,there are world-class university clusters,especially high-level university clusters,which can provide them with strong talent guarantee and intellectual support.In contrast,the universities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have weak interaction with industrial development and insufficient support for scientific and technological innovation,and have not yet played their due role.It can be said that higher education is still the most prominent shortcoming in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and must be accelerated.Therefore,this paper studies the spatial agglomeration and spillover effect of higher education in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from the perspective of cluster innovation network,aiming to optimize the layout structure of higher education in the Bay Area and enhance the knowledge spillover effect of higher education in cluster innovation network,so that it can better serve the construction of the international scientific and technological innovation center in the Bay Area.Firstly,this paper analyzes the current situation of higher education agglomeration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,and points out its existing problems from the perspective of cluster innovation network.Secondly,based on the panel data of 11 cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2010 to 2019,a spatial Durbin model is constructed to analyze the spillover effect of higher education agglomeration in the Bay Area from the perspective of cluster innovation network.Then,it summarizes the excellent development experience of higher education agglomeration-spillover in the world’s three major Bay Areas,so as to provide reference for the development of higher education in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.Finally,based on the above analysis,the countermeasures to promote the accelerated development of higher education in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are put forward.The study shows that: Firstly,at present,the higher education resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are relatively abundant,but there is still a large room for development,and it cannot well meet the actual demand for higher education in the innovative development of the Bay Area.The specific performance is that there is a big gap in the level of higher education agglomeration among different cities in the Bay Area,with only Guangzhou,Zhuhai,Hong Kong and Macao having a higher level of higher education agglomeration.Moreover,under the economic distance,the spatial pattern of higher education agglomeration in the Bay Area is dominated by high high agglomeration and low low agglomeration,and the agglomeration characteristics among cities show a polarization phenomenon.From the perspective of cluster innovation network,the higher education agglomeration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area still has the problems of insufficient number of high-level university agglomeration,uneven distribution of higher education resources,lack of close connection of higher education in the three regions and imperfect institutional and cultural construction in the Bay Area.Secondly,the spillover effect of higher education agglomeration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area still has much room for improvement.At present,the level of student agglomeration in universities can significantly promote the improvement of the level of local scientific and technological innovation,while the level of teacher agglomeration has the opposite effect,but the spatial spillover effects of both are not significant,and from the total effect,only the level of student agglomeration has a significant role in promoting the overall scientific and technological innovation in the Bay Area,while the role of teachers is not yet obvious.It shows that the current effect of higher education agglomeration in the Bay Area on scientific and technological innovation is limited,and its knowledge spillover cannot effectively cover the whole cluster innovation network.It reflects that in the process of knowledge spillover from higher education in the Bay Area,there are still problems such as insufficient overall scale of higher education,weak scientific and technological innovation capacity of universities,insufficient degree of university-enterprise exchanges and cooperation,and poor network innovation transmission mechanism.Thirdly,the world’s three major Bay Areas are all regional higher education centers with good agglomeration-spillover effect,which greatly promote the innovative development of the Bay Areas.From the perspective of higher education agglomeration,the world’s three major Bay Areas have their own characteristics,but in general they have all formed a good agglomeration effect,and have realistic conditions for knowledge spillover.Internal conditions include having strong knowledge output capability,knowledge output meets the needs of cluster innovation and emphasis on the transformation of scientific research results,while external conditions include having strong government support,reasonable network structure and a good cultural atmosphere.On this basis,higher education has achieved close interaction with the industry through five main knowledge spillover mechanisms: talent flow,spin-off enterprises,technology transfer,R&D cooperation and informal exchanges,thus exerting a strong knowledge spillover effect in the cluster innovation network.Based on the above conclusions,this study believes that in order to develop the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area into an international scientific and technological innovation center,it is necessary to accelerate the development of higher education,reasonably optimize the layout structure of higher education,accelerate the improvement of the scientific and technological innovation capability of universities,and give full play to the role of government support and guidance,so as to comprehensively improve the school-running strength and innovation level of higher education,so that it can play a strong agglomeration-spillover effect in the innovative development of the Bay Area,so as to support and lead the transformation and upgrading of the Bay Area industries,and promote the development of high-tech industrial clusters. |
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