| In the era of knowledge-driven economy,promoting technology transfer has become an important measure for developed countries to implement the strategy of scientific and technological innovation development.As a key component of the national innovation system,universities are important subjects of knowledge and technology production.The transformation of technological achievement is crucial to promote the innovation-driven development,thanks to the extension and consolidation of universities’ social service function.To further improve the effect of technology transfer is an important strategic choice for universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to serve the construction of international science and technology innovation center and industrial technology innovation.On the basis of sorting out relevant literature,this paper conducts theoretical analysis on technology transfer in universities.Taking 24 universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as research samples,this paper uses the patent data and relevant statistical data in the patent database of incoPat to analyze the technology transfer status of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2001 to 2019.Then,the complex network analysis method is used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of the technology transfer network of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.Finally,the paper discusses the dynamic mechanism of technology transfer among universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and puts forward some Suggestions.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The scale of technology transfer of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is constantly expanding.The number of universities,enterprises,intermediaries and other subjects participating in technology transfer is constantly increasing,but the frequency of cooperation between individual partners and universities is not high.The technology transfer activities are mainly concentrated in a few universities such as South China University of Technology,Guangdong University of Technology and Sun Yat-Sen University.(2)The technology transfer activities of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area highly follow the laws of spatial agglomeration and distance attenuation.In terms of urban agglomeration,the technology transfer activities of universities are concentrated in Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Foshan and Dongguan.At the provincial level,due to the large technological distance between the enterprises in the east and northwest of Guangdong and the universities,the spatial distribution of technology transfer occurs by leaps and bounds.At the national level,technology transfer activities gradually spread from the initial gathering in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.(3)There are obvious differences in the performance of technology transfer among different types of universities.The technology transfer objects of universities in the Pearl River Delta are mainly enterprises,and the technology transfer scope is mainly in the same city.Compared with the municipal universities,the technology transfer speed of the affiliated universities and Hong Kong universities is slower,and the technology transfer volume of the affiliated universities at the national level is larger.(4)The main factors affecting the technology transfer of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are universities,enterprises,government and media.Among them,universities and enterprises are the main actors of technology transfer,universities are the technology supply side,enterprises are the technology demand side.The government and the media are not only the main participants of technology transfer in universities,but also the important subjects to create the external environment of technology transfer.(5)Strengthening the innovation capacity of universities,encouraging the technology transfer of universities,supporting the carrier of regional innovation,driving the demand of industrial innovation,and coordinating the technology transfer policies of Guangdong,Hong Kong,Macao constitute the driving mechanism to promote the change of the technology transfer network of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.The technology transfer of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has roughly gone through four stages: the initial stage(2004-2007),the development stage(2008-2011),the bottleneck stage(2012-2015)and the booming stage(2016-2019).The dynamic mechanism affecting the technology transfer of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in different stages is different.This paper mainly discusses the characteristics and dynamic mechanism of the technology transfer network of universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from the perspective of geography.The research results have certain reference significance for optimizing the allocation of science and technology resources within the region,strengthening collaborative innovation and promoting the technology transfer of universities in the region. |
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