An Application Research On The History Of Physics In Junior High School Physics Teaching

The history of physics is the history of mankind’s understanding of natural phenomena,the history of discipline development from rudiment to grandness,the biography that records life stories of scientists,and the atlas that demonstrates the achievements of ancient science and technology.Implementation of both the fundamental task of “educating people with moral values” and the “double reduction” policy has placed higher demands on teaching.Meanwhile,the history of physics has become a sort of teaching resource that cannot be ignored due to its unique function of educating people.The Physics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education(2011 Edition)emphasizes the significance of the history of physics in teaching,and that the history of physics has various educational functions.In addition,students can master scientific knowledge,scientific methods,as well as emotional and attitudinal values by learning the history of physics.Facing such a rich history of physics,it is important for scholars to be aware of how to select the history and apply it to physics teaching with high efficiency.And this is an essential research topic nowadays.With literature research method,this research finds that imbalance occurs in applications on history of physics in secondary school physics teaching.A majority of literature studies applications on history of physics in physics teaching at the high school level.However,there is less research on the teaching of history of physics at the middle school level.And the collection,selection,and organization of relevant history of physics materials at the middle school level are also less mentioned in others’ literature.Thus,in order to enrich the curriculum resources and optimize the way of applying history of physics in junior high school,this research carries out an application study on history of physics in junior high school physics teaching.Firstly,based on teaching practice,this research investigates current situations of applications of history of physics in junior high school physics teaching,and during this process,both teachers and students are taken into consideration.Then,this research finds that there are problems in the application of history of physics,such as the difficulty of acquiring materials and simplicity in application.Secondly,to address the problem of time-consuming and laborious acquisition of history of physics materials,this research proposes to establish a database of history of physics in junior high school.And with elaboration on the process of establishing database,ways of collecting history of physics and selection principles,this research organizes and summarizes history of physics to obtain 100 materials according to knowledge modules.Furthermore,to optimize the way of applying history of physics in junior high school physics teaching,this research presents three corresponding strategies: preparation before class,teaching during class,and practice after class.Before class,teachers should select history of physics on the basis of clear application principles and clarification of teaching objectives.During class,based on realization of three-dimensional teaching objectives,teachers should propose four strategies including integrating developmental lineage,introducing exploration process,reproducing classical experiments,and comparing ancient as well as modern technologies.Under this guidance,students have access to construct physics knowledge,master scientific methods,carry out scientific investigation,and perceive social responsibilities.After class,teachers can take advantage of open-ended activities such as making historical artifacts and conducting scientific writing to expand students’ learning space.Finally,with database of history of physics in junior high school and application strategies regarding history of physics,this research selects three typical sections of “Dispersion of Light”,“Lever”(lesson 2)and “Magnetic Phenomena Magnetic Field”from the middle school physics textbook of the Human Education version for teaching design.And these sections are presented in lecture and evaluation activities of the “National Training Program-2021” training course for junior high school physics teachers.The teaching design is revised and improved according to the teachers’ comments and suggestions,and finally three complete teaching designs are formed for the reference of the front-line teachers.This research is innovative in establishing database of the physics of history for junior high school,which provides front-line teachers with access to materials of the physics of history and principles for selecting them.In addition,this research presents 100 materials of physics of history that can be applied for physics teaching in junior high school.It is hoped that this research will draw attention of relevant educators and let community of teachers to play a part so that the database of the physics of history for junior high school will be continuously enriched and perfected.