Study Of The Equality Thought In Critique Of Gotha Program

Equality,as an important social value,is a fundamental and rich concept in the history of human political thought,and an ideal state pursued by human society.According to the manifestation and degree of realization of equality,it can be divided into formal equality,substantive equality,and outcome equality.Formal equality is the formal definition of equality,which means "all people are treated equally in a certain way",such as equality before God(law,money).Since the 1970s,with the publication of "On Justice",a wave of political philosophy research has emerged in the West.Issues such as equality and justice have become the center of academic attention,forming a far-reaching Western egalitarianism that includes various schools of thought.However,Western egalitarianism endows equality with substantive content and extends it from the political and legal levels to the economic or social levels,but does not achieve true equality in practice.The result equality pursued by Marx in the Critique of the Gotha Program is also substantive equality,which is the highest form and final completion of substantive equality.Based on this,this article,on the basis of a general analysis of equality and a general overview of the history of the emergence and development of Marx’s equality ideology,focuses on exploring the ideological connotations of the "Critique of the Gotha Program" regarding the two advanced forms of equality in future society,namely equality based on work and equality based on demand,revealing Marx’s ideological path and internal logic for constructing his equality concept,and striving to outline the basic framework of Marx’s equality ideology.Marx’s discourse on the two progressive forms of equality in future society,namely equality based on work and equality based on need,in the Critique of the Gotha Program can be seen as a concentrated expression of his equality ideology.From the standpoint of historical materialism,Marx,by criticizing the limitations of bourgeois rights in distribution according to work in the first stage of communism,advocated transcending the principle of self ownership and the principle of natural endowments hidden behind the equality of distribution according to work,and envisioned realizing everyone’s free and comprehensive development by fully developing social productivity and implementing the system of distribution according to needs,and ultimately achieving the highest form and final completion of substantive equality,The ideal society of communist equality marked the maturity of Mark’s equality ideology.By systematically analyzing the content and logical construction of the equality ideology in the Critique of the Gotha Program,the theoretical quality and contemporary value of Marx’s equality ideology can be demonstrated.It will not only help to uphold the leadership of Marx’s thought of equality in the position of historical materialism,but also help to overcome the imbalance of development and socialProviding practical inspiration for the phenomenon of inequality.Historical materialism requires us to adhere to the dominant position of the socialist public ownership and distribution according to work system,and constantly promote common prosperity in high-quality development through the continuous development of social productive forces,so as to promote the society towards a higher level of equality.