Research On The Optimization Of Supervisor-Postgraduate Relationship In "Double First-Class" Construction Universities

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20 th Party Congress that "education,science and technology,and talents are the fundamental and strategic support for the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country." Graduate education is responsible for nurturing high-level talents and innovation.The "mentoring relationship" formed between graduate students and their supervisors runs through the whole process of graduate education and has become a key factor in the quality of graduate training.Therefore,building a harmonious mentoring relationship is of great significance to improve the quality of postgraduate training.The study conducted in-depth interviews with 42 postgraduates and 20 supervisors in "double first-class" universities,and applied social exchange theory and Habermasian interaction behavior theory to analyze the specific state of postgraduates and supervisors when they establish the mentoring relationship,and then analyze the state of getting along with each other in terms of Then,we analyzed the state of getting along after the establishment of the mentoring relationship from the dimensions of guidance and cultivation(academic guidance,career planning guidance,physical and mental health guidance)and daily life communication(needs for mentor-student interaction and content of mentoring communication).Through the interview and survey,we found that the overall mentoring relationship between postgraduates and their supervisors is in a relatively good state,but there are also the following problems:first,inconsistency in the goals of mentoring interaction between teachers and students;second,inadequate mechanism of mutual selection of mentoring;third,weakening of the emotional connection between mentoring and students;fourth,blurred boundary of authority and responsibility of mentoring.Factors affecting the relationship between supervisors and postgraduates: at the policy level,there are mainly the expansion of the scale of postgraduate education,the marketization of education and academics,and the weakening of supervisors’ educational authority;at the university level,the assessment and evaluation system is not perfect,and the lack of supervision and complaint channels in universities;at the supervisory level,there are mainly the differences in the perception of both supervisors and postgraduates,and the deviation in the positioning of supervisory roles.In order to better build a harmonious mentoring relationship,the study proposes countermeasures from three aspects: universities,supervisors and postgraduates.At the level of universities,the study mainly includes strict admission system for supervisors,reasonable adjustment of the ratio of supervisors to students,improvement of the matching system for supervisors,promotion of accurate matching of supervisors,reform of the evaluation and assessment system,optimization of the incentive,reward and punishment mechanism,deepening of the supervision and accountability system,and improvement of the mechanism of supervisors’ rights.At the level of Postgraduate supervisors,the main points include clarifying the role of supervisors and strengthening the awareness of job responsibilities;optimizing the supervisory guidance mode and improving the quality and effectiveness of supervisory guidance;strengthening the construction of teacher morality and style and fully implementing the establishment of moral education.At the level of postgraduates,the main points are: to enhance the active learning ability and activate the inner motivation of academics;to give full play to the subjective and active consciousness and to strengthen the exchange and communication of guidance.