Research On The Supply Of Rural Old-age Services From The Perspective Of Precise Governance

It is mentioned in the Book of Rites that the core of building a "great harmony society" is to realize "a sense of security for the elderly",which shows that it has been the common dream of Chinese people since ancient times.With the deepening of China’s social and economic development and modernization in recent years,the process of population aging in China has been accelerating,and the phenomenon of urban and rural aging inversion has also become prominent.According to the data of the seventh national census,the population over 60 years old in rural areas accounts for23.81% of the total rural population,which is 8 percentage points higher than the urban elderly population.It is estimated that by 2030,the dependency ratio of rural elderly population will climb to 34%,and rural areas in China are facing increasingly severe pension challenges.For alleviating the increasingly serious problem of rural old-age care,the State Council proposed to establish a multi-level rural old-age care service system in the Rural Revitalization Strategic Plan(2018-2022),and formulated specific strategies to enhance the capacity of rural old-age care services,which provided opportunities for the development of rural old-age care services in China.However,due to the long-term difference in government policy formulation and service resources between urban and rural areas,China’s rural old-age service still faces extensive governance problems such as insufficient total supply,low service quality and structural imbalance between supply and demand,and the supply mode and capacity of rural old-age service need to be improved and strengthened urgently.It is necessary to promote the supply of rural old-age care services to a refined and precise governance mode in the future.Therefore,exploring the influencing factors and ways in the practice of precise governance of rural old-age care services in various places and summing up the governance experience of local governments can alleviate the dilemma of rural old-age care services to a certain extent and safeguard the rights and interests of rural elderly services accurately and differentially.This paper,from the perspective of precise governance,adopts qualitative and quantitative fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method(fsQCA),and discusses the realization path of accurate supply of rural old-age services in combination with relevant theoretical background and practical cases.The first is to sort out the theoretical connotation and system construction of precision governance in the existing literature,and summarize the system composition of rural old-age service supply from the perspective of precision governance to form the analytical framework of this study.Next,combining the data of public statistics at the national level,this paper analyzes and describes the current situation and problems of rural old-age service supply in China from four dimensions: accurate identification,accurate supply,accurate support and accurate management,and discusses the "imprecise" dilemma faced by rural old-age service supply;Then,34 regions that have achieved certain governance results in practical exploration are selected as case samples of this paper,and the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method is used to explore which ways are mainly adopted in governance practice;In the end,according to the results of configuration analysis,the different governance paths explored in practice are summarized,and the configuration paths are interpreted in detail in combination with real cases.On this basis,some suggestions on path optimization are put forward for local governments in rural old-age service supply governance.It is shown that:(1)The effect of accurate governance of rural old-age service supply is mainly influenced by the interaction of seven factors: identification mechanism,multi-agent collaborative participation mechanism,diversified service content supply mechanism,guarantee mechanism,talent mechanism,wisdom mechanism and dynamic evaluation control mechanism,and the goal of accurate rural old-age service supply cannot be achieved under the action of a single factor.(2)Multi-agent cooperative participation mechanism,diversified service content supply mechanism,intelligent mechanism and dynamic evaluation control mechanism are the core conditions that affect the accuracy of rural old-age service supply,while identification mechanism and guarantee mechanism are the marginal conditions that affect the accuracy of rural old-age service supply.(3)There are four ways to realize the supply precision of rural old-age care services: Manage-standard-driven,Intelligent-information-supported,participation-collaborative,and supply-resources-integrated.Based on the above research results,this paper puts forward six policy suggestions for the precise governance of rural old-age service supply in China from four dimensions: accurate identification,accurate supply,accurate support and accurate management.