Study On Government Responsibility In Rural Mutual Aid Services For The Aged

At present,our country already entered an aging society.But the social security system that matches the pension security has not kept pace with the aging of our country.As far as China’s rural areas are concerned,the development of industrialization in the late 20 th century has made rural resources and a large number of labors migrate to cities,and the vast rural areas of China are under-developed.Since the 21 st century,the pace of urbanization has accelerated,and the sound infrastructure construction and abundant employment opportunities in cities have enabled rural labor to enter urban life in large numbers to meet the needs of family life.The remaining population in rural areas is mainly left-behind children and the elderly.With the increase of the age of the rural elderly,its pension problems are increasingly prominent.Although the rural areas have established social security systems such as "new rural insurance",home-based pension,institutional pension,etc.,they can only meet the basic social security needs of the rural elderly,but cannot meet the high-level needs of the rural elderly such as spiritual pension and cultural pension.In order to protect the rights and interests of the elderly in rural areas,provide more diversified services for the elderly,meet the needs of the elderly in rural areas,narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,so as to enhance and improve social welfare,it is necessary to develop a set of suitable for rural,with rural characteristics of the elderly service system.The first part is the empirical analysis of 15 typical cases of mutual support in rural areas.According to the different organizers,the 15 typical cases of rural mutual aid for the aged are divided into four types: government organization,village committee organization,elderly association organization and individual villager organization.Based on the typified analysis of 15 typical cases,this paper summarizes the ways and contents of responsibility of governments at all levels in rural mutual support for the aged.The second part is on the basis of empirical analysis,reflecting on the government responsibility in the rural mutual pension operation mechanism.Through comparative study,it is found that there are the following deficiencies in the government responsibility in the present rural mutual support for the elderly: first,the organizer’s rights and interests are not sound;Second,the government’s financial power does not match its administrative power;Third,the government mutual aid system construction responsibility lack;Fourth,lack of supervision responsibility for mutual care for the elderly.In the third part,on the basis of in-depth analysis of the problem of government responsibility in rural mutual care for the elderly,reflect on the deep reasons for the lack of government responsibility in rural mutual care for the elderly.On the one hand,the theory of government responsibility does not match the development of mutual support for the aged.No matter it is the theory of back-cover liability,or the theory of guarantee liability,or the theory of supplementary liability,they are all summarized on the basis of learning from foreign experience.China has a vast territory and a large number of ethnic groups.Different rural areas have different characteristics in the development of mutual assistance services for the elderly.Can’t directly apply to the practice of mutual assistance pension service in our country,such as guarantee liability and supplementary liability.On the other hand,the mutual support service in rural areas has lost its standard at present.In the standard text,our rural old-age responsibility to the government is set as the dominant responsibility.But dominant responsibility is only a generalization of the role of the government in the pension service system in our country.This definition has a certain generality,which cannot directly guide the specific practice of rural mutual assistance pension service.The fourth part is based on summarizing the law of development of rural mutual support for old-age,and puts forward the legal logic of reconstruction of government responsibility of rural mutual support for old-age.As the rural pension problem has become a survival risk,the government should assume the responsibility of mutual support for the elderly.However,in the different stages of the development of rural mutual aged services,the forms of government responsibility are different.Therefore,at present,it is necessary to affirm the provisions of leading responsibility in the central text.In the future,after the establishment and improvement of the rural old-age service system,the government should shift from leading responsibility to supplementary responsibility.The fifth part is aimed at the government in the rural mutual aged care service to bear the responsibility for the problem of opinions and suggestions.At present,it is still in the development and perfection stage of rural mutual care for the aged.Based on the government’s leading responsibility,we should improve the top-level design of rural mutual care for the aged service,build the standard system of rural mutual care for the aged service,improve the mutual care for the aged support system,improve the mutual care for the aged supervision system,and promote the establishment and perfection of rural mutual care for the aged service system.In the future,the rural mutual care service system has been established and improved.The government should actively change its responsibility in mutual care for the aged from leading responsibility to supplementary responsibility.The supplementary responsibility of the government does not mean that the government will completely withdraw from the mutual care services for the elderly,but that the government will no longer lead the development of mutual care services for the elderly,but as a supporter and regulator of mutual care services to escort the development of rural mutual care services for the elderly.That is,the government should build a supplementary responsibility bearing mechanism,actively improve the supervision system of mutual care for the elderly service,guarantee the support and participation of multiple subjects to the rural mutual care for the elderly,and realize the surrender and release of government power.