| The development of Internet technology and digital economy has created a variety of platform enterprises,and also made the form of employment show the characteristics of platform,non-employer,multi-employer,flexible and complex.The number of new employment forms represented by e-hailing drivers,e-hailing deliverymen and network anchors has increased significantly,which has become a new trend of employment.Workers in new employment forms show various employment types,fuzzy employment relations,salary algorithm,and high occupational injury risk.They are faced with difficulties such as low participation rate of social insurance,low ability to participate in insurance payment,and blocked access to insurance channels,which brings new problems and challenges to the protection of workers’ social security rights and interests.In order to satisfy the insurance demand of new employment pattern workers,it is urgent to optimize and adjust the social security policy of our country.This study uses the in-depth interview method,takes Sichuan Province as the research object,carries out a field survey on the innovation and diffusion process of new employment patterns of social security policy in Sichuan,and explores the practical logic of innovation and diffusion of social security policy under the background of new employment forms through the grounded theory method.Based on the rooted results,combined with the theory of policy innovation and policy diffusion,the analysis framework of this study is constructed: Taking problem definition to program pilot and promotion as the main process of policy innovation,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of each link from the aspects of dynamic factors,resource factors and external factors,summarizes the realistic difficulties faced by each link in the pilot practice of policy innovation,analyzes the feasibility of policy innovation,and finally explores the realization path of social security policy innovation diffusion.The results show that although the pilot practice of policy innovation has achieved some results,it is still faced with difficulties in defining responsibilities,designing policies and implementing them.Goal-oriented,realistic demand,workers’ insurance dilemma and so on constitute the internal and external driving force of policy innovation.The level of local development and financial resources,the scale of government organization,the will of decision makers,policy network and so on constitute the resource factors of policy innovation.The external factors of policy innovation include the role of central and higher governments,the inducement of lower governments and peer pressure.Combined with positive and negative practical experience and rooted results,this study puts forward the realization path of social security policy innovation diffusion under the background of new employment patterns.First,in terms of policy orientation,it should be incorporated into the current social security system,but it should be operated separately at the present stage,and all unreasonable restrictions on participation should be cancelled.Second,in the division of responsibilities,according to the actual labor relations and industrial differences in the classification of policies,respect workers’ independent choice to participate in insurance.Third,in terms of specific design,the policy learning mechanism should be established,the flexible payment method should be formulated,the pilot experience should be summarized,and the policy arrangement should be adjusted flexibly.Fourth,in terms of policy content,step by step to establish a multi-level social security policy system for new types of workers.Fifth,attach great importance to the implementation of new policies,strengthen government capacity building,and ensure that policy innovation achieves practical results.Specific measures include promoting multi-body cooperation to form policy synergy,accelerating the construction of basic information platform to realize data sharing,and improving supervision mechanism to make supervision more targeted. |
