Type Of Emergency Volunteer And Citizen Voluntary Participation

Emergency volunteer plays a critical role in emergency management system.Citizens are not only the service object of emergency management,but also the irreplaceable actors in crisis response.Under the goal of source treatment,government pays more attention to emergency volunteer and sets up normal emergency volunteer teams.In the new era,how to stimulate citizens’ willingness towards emergency volunteer and enhance the social emergency force becomes an urgent issue.According to the state of crisis,emergency volunteer can be divided into daily emergency volunteer and spontaneous emergency volunteer.Daily emergency volunteer focuses on prevention and preparation before the crisis,and spontaneous emergency volunteer focuses on response and disposal after the crisis.This study uses the survey-experiment method to find that crisis situations can significantly stimulate citizens’ willingness towards emergency volunteer.Compared with daily emergency volunteer,citizens have higher enthusiasm to participate in spontaneous emergency volunteer.Since individual motivation is an important factor affecting voluntary participation,this study introduces the regulatory focus theory and finds that regulatory focus can significantly affect citizens’ emergency volunteer preference.Overall,individuals with promotion focus have higher willingness towards emergency volunteer than individuals with prevention focus.Specifically,for individuals with promotion focus,the willingness towards spontaneous emergency volunteer is significantly higher than daily emergency volunteer.However,there is no significant difference for individuals with prevention focus.In conclusion,based on the regulatory focus theory,this paper finds that crisis situation can inspire the spirit of social service and improve spontaneous emergency voluntary participation,but this participation tendency varies from person to person.Individuals with promotion focus show more enthusiasm on spontaneous emergency volunteer in order to achieve self-growth,while individuals with promotion focus express more concerns about the risk of emergency volunteer for self-safety.Therefore,government needs not only to focus on policies in stages accurately,but also in groups,fully mobilize the initiative of emergency volunteer to achieve emergency governance with whole-process management and whole-society participation.