| The population structure is undergoing profound changes as the population ages and the proportion of elderly people is increasing.in 2022,the proportion of people over 60 years of age will exceed 19.8% of the total,marking a new stage of moderate population ageing in China.In rural areas,the problem of ageing is even more serious due to the loss of young adults.Against the backdrop of an ageing population,how to ensure the life and health of China’s rural elderly and improve their quality of life is the main task of social insurance in China.The basic pension insurance for urban and rural residents has been implemented for nearly ten years,and through continuous improvement and optimisation of the social pension insurance system,full coverage of the social insurance system has now been basically achieved.As a basic pension insurance system in China,the welfare nature of the basic pension insurance for urban and rural residents means that it can provide basic protection for the livelihood of most elderly people in rural areas in China.As an integral part of the social security system that cannot be ignored,it can play a role in enhancing people’s well-being and promoting social stability,escorting the national pension security work.However,the treatment level of the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents is relatively low,and its impact on the quality of life of rural elderly residents remains to be tested.Therefore,this paper explores the impact of the basic old-age pension insurance on the quality of life of rural elderly people,with a view to providing suggestions on how to improve the quality of life of rural elderly people under the strategy of "rural revitalisation",as well as providing a new perspective on the construction and improvement of the basic old-age pension insurance system.Based on the life cycle theory,Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,social support theory and social exchange theory,this paper uses data from the China Health and Aging Tracking Survey from 2013 to 2018,and takes elderly people aged 60 and above living in rural areas in China as the research target.Firstly,a multivariate Logit model was developed to analyse the impact of urban and rural residents’ basic pension insurance on the quality of life of rural elderly people;secondly,the differences in the impact of urban and rural residents’ basic pension insurance on the quality of life of rural elderly people in terms of gender and age were investigated through heterogeneity analysis;finally,robustness tests were conducted by replacing the model and adding control variables,with total household income and social activities as mediating variables The mechanism of the impact of urban and rural residents’ basic pension insurance on the quality of life of the rural elderly is investigated.Based on the findings of this paper,urban and rural residents’ basic old-age insurance has a positive impact on four aspects of the quality of life of rural elderly people,namely health status,disability,psychological status and life satisfaction.In terms of different ages and different genders,participation in the basic old-age pension insurance for urban and rural residents has a certain positive effect on the quality of life of rural elderly people in both male and female elderly groups,with the effect on female elderly people being more significant than that on male elderly people,and the effect on middle and lower aged elderly people being more significant than that on higher aged elderly people.In addition,social activity levels and household income factors can all contribute to the implementation of basic old-age pension insurance for rural and urban residents,thereby improving their health,psychological well-being,and consequently their life satisfaction,ultimately improving the quality of life of rural elderly people.Secondly,household income plays an important role in regulating the impact of urban and rural residents’ basic pension insurance on the quality of life of rural elderly people.Finally,based on the current situation of urban and rural residents’ basic pension insurance and the quality of life of rural elderly people and the empirical findings,this paper proposes corresponding measures: strengthening the construction of urban and rural residents’ basic pension insurance system;encouraging the participation of social welfare organisations to diversify the sources of pension insurance funds;attaching importance to the construction of facilities of rural elderly institutions,enriching the lives of elderly people through diversified institutions,and improving the elderly people’s pensions in rural areas.The construction of facilities for the elderly in rural areas should be emphasized,so as to enrich the lives of the elderly through diversified institutions and improve the level of retirement protection for the elderly in rural areas,thereby enhancing their quality of life. |
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