Study On The Influence Of Long-term Care Insurance On Female Employment Polarization

The scale of China’s aging population has been expanding,and the number of disabled people has risen sharply.With the decline of China’s birth rate year by year,the huge demand for care and the current situation of "fewer children" in the family have become contradictory,and the supply of care resources is scarce.In order to alleviate the problem of population aging,governments have established long-term care insurance systems and provided care services.China learned from the implementation experience of foreign long-term care insurance,piloted the implementation of long-term care insurance system in 2016,and explored the establishment of an elderly care service system suitable for China’s aging situation,to ensure the stability and consistency of the aging system.The implementation of the long-term care insurance policy,on the one hand,provides care services for the elderly,on the other hand,promotes the development of the elderly medical care industry,and jointly promotes female employment.The former liberates home care for highly skilled women,while the latter provides employment opportunities for low skilled women,which may lead to "employment polarization".This paper uses the data of the National Mobile Population Health and Family Planning Dynamic Monitoring Survey(CMDS)from 2011 to 2018 to match with the urban statistical yearbook,and uses the multi time point double difference model to empirically test the impact of long-term care insurance on the employment structure of female labor force.At the same time,it further uses the robust test methods such as parallel trend test,placebo test,and multi period multiple individual multiple score method(DIDM)to test the heterogeneity of policy processing to verify the above impact mechanism.Finally,it puts forward relevant policy recommendations.The results showed that compared with the medium skilled female labor force,the long-term care insurance promoted the increase of the wage income of the high skilled and low skilled female labor force,resulting in a two-way "employment polarization".This "polarization" phenomenon also exists in terms of the number of employees and working hours,and is more obvious in cities with relatively backward economic development,weak traditional cultural atmosphere and weak medical resources.This study will provide theoretical basis and policy reference for the national and local governments to improve the long-term care insurance system and promote women’s employment.First,continue to vigorously develop long-term care insurance and expand the coverage of elderly care.The second is to improve the concept of universal care and combine modern concepts with the elderly care industry.Third,cultivate the professional skills of elderly care personnel and improve the quality of care for the elderly.The fourth is to develop information services and realize smart elderly care.This paper studies the impact of long-term care insurance policy on the polarization of women’s employment,which provides inspiration for improving women’s employment rights and interests,improving the employment structure,improving the financial and industrial arrangements of old-age care security,and formulating policies.