Study On The Influence Of Long-term Care Insurance On The Employment Of Female Floating Population

In recent years,the aging of the disabled population has become an increasingly prominent problem in China.Due to the lagging development of the care industry,the increasing demand,and the influence of the traditional family concept,family care has always been the main care mode in our country.Influenced by the traditional family division of labor,women are often the main undertakers of family care.Many workingage women are disadvantaged in the labour market because of the conflict between family and employment.Accelerated aging has made the care burden of female family members increasingly heavier,and the care needs of the elderly are difficult to meet.China has begun to explore the implementation of long-term care insurance pilots.Through the substitution and compensation between formal and informal care,the longterm care insurance system alleviates the burden of family care and promotes the labor participation of informal caregivers,especially women.With the trend of new urbanization and family migration,the proportion of female floating population has increased to nearly half of the national floating population,playing a greater role in urban-rural integration and labor market development.However,female migrants also face the dilemma of family care and labor participation.The overall employment status and quality of employment are lower than those of male migrants,and the phenomenon of ’moving without working’ is obvious,which seriously affects the gender balance of the labor employment market and social and economic development.Based on the above background,this paper takes floating women as the research object,and uses the dynamic monitoring data of migrants from 2011 to 2018 and the data of urban statistical yearbook.In this paper,the multi-period differential model and Heckman two-stage model are used to empirically test the impact of long-term care insurance pilot on the employment of female floating population.The results show that the implementation of the long-term care insurance pilot increased the employment probability and working time of the floating female population,which significantly increase the employment probability of the floating female population by 2.94%and the weekly working time by 0.87 hours.The development of long-term care insurance system is conducive to optimizing the employment choice of female floating population,and the probability of non-agricultural employment and employment probability of enterprises and public institutions of floating women significantly are increased by 0.5 1%and 2.08%,respectively.In addition,by sorting out the differences in the modes of coverage,guaranteed population,service type and reimbursement ratio of the pilot cities of long-term care insurance,this paper adopts the composite control method to compare and study whether the pilot modes of different cities will produce different employment effects in the case of "city-specific policies".The results show that the promotion effect of longterm care insurance on the employment rate of female floating population is heterogeneous in the pilot model.The pilot model with more perfect policies and more adequate guarantees has a stronger effect on the employment rate of female floating population,and the policy effect is close to 15%.Further research found that the longterm care insurance policy also helps to increase the working income of female migrants,with an average increase of 200-300 yuan per month,and most economically developed cities have a greater increase in women ’s monthly income.Combined with the research conclusions,this paper puts forward relevant suggestions to further improve the long-term care insurance system and provide policy reference for the long-term care insurance pilot.It is also conducive to promoting the full employment of female floating population and integrating into the urban development process as soon as possible.