Study On The Influence Of Long-term Nursing Insurance On Women’s Employment

With the deepening trend of population aging,the scale of disabled elderly people in China is also constantly increasing,which to some extent increases the demand for elderly care and increases the burden of family care.Compared to men,women are the main force in family care,with nearly half of middle-aged women taking on the responsibility of family elderly care,while the proportion of middle-aged men taking on family elderly care responsibility is less than one-third.Therefore,the increase in disabled elderly people has a greater impact on women’s employment.The implementation of long-term care insurance transforms care methods,reduces family care pressure,and also promotes the development of related industries,providing more employment opportunities,and further promoting women’s employment.But with the continuous development of long-term care insurance in China,the proportion of women in employment is showing a decreasing trend.Why is there a contradiction between theory and China’s reality? Can China’s long-term care insurance liberate women trapped in family care and balance work and life? In addition,this article also considers whether long-term care insurance has a heterogeneous impact on women’s employment at different ages,educational levels,and family care intensity? Furthermore,can long-term care insurance affect women’s employment by reducing the intensity of family care?In order to answer the above questions,based on the data of China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS)from 2014 to 2020,and based on the pilot areas of long-term care insurance,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of long-term care insurance on women’s employment by using the multi period DID method,and conducts robustness tests by using the methods of parallel trend test,placebo test and substitution variables to further explore the impact of long-term care insurance on women’s employment in different ages The heterogeneity of long-term care insurance on female employment under educational level and geographical context.The research conclusions of this article are as follows:Firstly,long-term care insurance promotes women’s employment,especially for the group of women who participate in family care.The labor participation rate increased by 0.5percentage points in the employment sample of all women,but it increased by 4 percentage points in the employment sample of women participating in family care;The impact of longterm care insurance on the average working hours of all women is not significant,but it has a positive and significant impact on the average working hours of women participating in family care,with an impact degree of 158.3%.The number of insured individuals,the number of beneficiaries,and designated nursing institutions significantly and positively affect women’s employment and average working hours.Fund expenditure and income significantly increase women’s employment,but their impact on average working hours is not significant.Secondly,regional heterogeneity,educational level heterogeneity,age heterogeneity,and care intensity heterogeneity can lead to differences in the impact of long-term care insurance on women’s employment.From a regional perspective,the impact of long-term care insurance on the employment of urban women is higher than that of rural areas,and the impact on the employment of women in the eastern region is greater than that in the central and western regions;From the perspective of education level,long-term care insurance significantly promotes the employment of women in the compulsory education stage,but has no significant impact on the employment of women in high school,vocational college,undergraduate and above stages;From an age perspective,long-term care insurance significantly promotes employment for women aged 30-50;From the perspective of care intensity,the stronger the care intensity,the greater the impact of long-term care insurance on women’s employment.Third,whether to implement long-term care,designated nursing institutions,number of persons enjoying treatment and number of insured persons and other long-term care variables can indirectly affect women’s employment by influencing the intensity of receiving family care,while treatment expenditure and fund income do not pass the mesomeric effect test.Based on the above analysis,this article believes that the country should formulate policies to support women’s employment and protect their rights,improve the long-term care insurance system to increase women’s employment demand,strengthen publicity and drive women’s employment,accelerate the development of long-term care insurance related industries to provide more employment opportunities,improve the professional quality of long-term care practitioners,and in the process of further promoting and improving the development of long-term care insurance in China,enhance the channels and opportunities for women’s employment.