Study On Legal Issues Of Indigenous Peoples’Rights Protection In Arctic Resource Exploitation

With the global warming,the attraction and strategic position of resource exploitation in the Arctic region is increasing day by day.Resource development not only brings opportunities to the indigenous people in the Arctic,but also impacts their way of life in living environment,culture and society.The rights protection awareness of Arctic indigenous peoples is gradually awakening.Now,the Arctic indigenous rights appeal has got recognition and respect of the international community.However,although the international law and domestic law have provided legal basis for the Arctic indigenous rights protection,because of the factors of national will,geopolitical influence and the Arctic indigenous peoples’economic and cultural degree,the overall Arctic indigenous rights protection is not enough.Protecting the rights of indigenous peoples in the course of Arctic resources exploitation is not only required by international human rights law,but also necessary for optimizing Arctic resource exploitation and Arctic governance model.This paper first introduces the concepts related to the protection of indigenous rights in the exploitation of Arctic resources,summarizes the opportunities and impacts brought by the exploitation of Arctic resources to the indigenous people in the Arctic,and analyzes the land rights,environmental rights and social,economic and cultural rights that the indigenous people in the Arctic are demanding the most.By studying the current situation of legal protection of Arctic indigenous rights and analyzing the difficulties of legal protection,including the difficulties existing in the protection of indigenous rights under international human rights law,the difficulties in the legal protection system of indigenous rights in arctic countries,and the limitations of the Arctic Council in the protection of Arctic indigenous rights.Finally,the author tries to put forward suggestions on improving the legal system for the protection of indigenous rights in the exploitation of Arctic resources,such as improving the international law protection framework for the rights of indigenous people in the Arctic,improving the legal system for the protection of indigenous rights in the Arctic countries,giving full play to the role of the Arctic Council and China’s participation in the protection of Arctic indigenous rights.Arctic indigenous rights protection is an important part of the Arctic governance,and is an important issue in the Arctic resources exploitation.China’s participation in the Arctic indigenous rights,in line with the concept of "human destiny community",can not only promote the development of the cause of the Arctic indigenous rights protection,but also provide a new path for China’s participation in the Arctic governance and Arctic resources exploitation.