An Analysis Of The Legal Issues Of Arctic Rights And Interests And Its Enlightenment To China

After entering the new century,the global warming under the greenhouse effect has accelerated the melting of Arctic ice and snow,sustained growth of various economic and resource interests in the Arctic region,and increasingly fierce competition between Arctic countries and world powers for Arctic interests.Unlike Antarctica,the Arctic is a sea of ice and snow,and within the Arctic Circle,there are eight countries whose territory exists.This also makes it impossible for the international community to reach an international treaty similar to the Antarctic Treaty in order to provide legal basis for the parties to settle international disputes and the distribution of interests.The fact that there is no alternative can not hide the increasing frequency and seriousness of international disputes over the Arctic.From the disputes over the continental shelf boundary to the ownership of fishery rights and interests in the Arctic Ocean to the disputes over the ownership of waterways,Arctic countries and other countries,under the banner of international law,have launched increasingly fierce competition and struggle over Arctic resources.Within the framework of current international law,the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is the most widely applicable and comprehensive international law covering almost all ocean matters.It is known as the "Charter of the Sea",and its universality of application makes it a good basis for resolving the current Arctic interest disputes.Therefore,not only the Arctic countries and the Arctic countries declare their sovereignty and claim their rights and interests,but also other near-Arctic countries and non-Arctic countries use the Convention to claim their rights and interests in the Arctic,which makes the geopolitical heat and complexity of the Arctic region continue to rise.According to the current multilateral legal documents in the Arctic region and the practice of the Arctic countries in asserting their rights,it is necessary to clarify the rights and obligations of the Arctic countries and other countries in the world in accordance with the principle of "common inheritance of mankind" and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,and to establish public norms so as to coordinate their interests in the Arctic region.As a "near-Arctic country" and "stakeholder of Arctic interests",China always upholds the principle of equal cooperation and peaceful development on the issue of Arctic relations,and continuously promotes the development of the Arctic towards peaceful sharing and win-win cooperation.In accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the principle of "common inheritance of human property",how to clarify and advocate China’s Arctic rights and interests,and how to use political and diplomatic means to enhance the Arctic discourse power,are two urgent issues for China to implement the Arctic strategy.