The Research On The Generals Conquering ShuHan Dynasty In The CaoWei Dynasty

Military generals played an important role in the establishment and consolidation of the Wei regime,and were also an important part of the Wei state machinery.As early as when Cao Cao started his own business,Wei was accompanied by foreign conquest and continuous wars.After the establishment of the country,because of the situation of The Three Kingdoms of Wei,Shu and Wu,the situation of frontier defense was still very severe,and the military commanders of the war also had a high political status.Among them,the wars between Wei and Shu ran through the whole history of the Wei.The generals of Wei were mostly involved in the battles against Shu.They were trained in the long years of wars and shouldered the heavy responsibility of safeguarding national defense and expanding territory.From the very beginning of Cao Cao’s army,the soldiers who had been recruited from various channels rallied around him.Under Cao Cao’s command,they formed an army to exterminate all the leading men and helped Cao Cao successfully unify the north of China.Under the background of frequent wars,Cao Cao attached great importance to military affairs and had a large number of military talents,which laid the foundation for the formation of the group of combat generals against Shu.After the Battle of Chibi,the situation of the war between Wei and Shu was gradually clear.Most of the military commanders against Shu were relatives of Cao and Xiahou,and their other family names were military commanders.They successfully neutralized the offensive of the central government of Shu through successive wars and created a stable external environment for the establishment of the Wei.In the early period of Wei Ming emperor,relying on Cao Zhen and other representatives of the second generation of Qiao Pei Group and the remaining old general,although they were on the defensive in the overall situation,they could also defend against the northern expedition war launched by Zhuge Liang,the prime minister of Shu,and reduce the threat to national defense.In the later period of Wei Ming emperor,the second generation of Qiao Pei Group gradually faded out of the historical stage,and the Wei government had to start using foreign military officers represented by Sima Yi.Under their efforts,Zhuge Liang’s northern expedition ended in failure.However,Yong and liang strengthened the relationship between Sima’s family and their deployment.Although there was no unrest in the Wei Ming emperor,after the change of Gaopingling Mausoleum,the identity of the military generals against Shu gradually began to change from Wei ministers to Jin ministers.Besides defending against Jiang Wei’s northern expedition,the wars they conducted became a tool for Sima’s family to gain political capital.The transformation of identity is complete.In order to firmly control the military command,the Wei dynasty implemented a variety of management and control methods to the military generals.Around the establishment of the state of Wei,Cao Cao and Cao Pi controlled the military commanders in the war through such systems as the system of working together with the rank generals,the system of cooperating with the chief and deputy generals,and the system of commanding and protecting the army,so as to build an efficient management system.In addition to the rules of the system,they were also implemented through the control of the generals’ families and clans.During the reign of Wei Ming emperor,the control over the combatants was characterized by relaxation.It realized absolute control under centralized politics,but also implemented the relaxed management mode of attaching equal importance to the imperial family and foreign ministers.During the reign of Sima Zhao,the conflict between military commanders in the war was used to form a balanced situation of checking each other,and the management method of military commanders supervised the army was used to ensure his control over the army.The evolution of the identity of the Wei and Shu military officers had a profound influence on the historical development of Wei.Through the evolution process of group identity from Wei minister to Jin minister,we can also observe the gradual decline of military quality and regime decline of the group of Wei,comb out a new clue in the political history of the Wei Dynasty and enrich the understanding of the political situation of the Wei Dynasty.