A Study Of "Realistic Individual" Thought In German Ideology

The "realistic individual" occupies an important position in Marx’s theory of humanity.Among many works,the German Ideology(hereinafter referred to as "Form")is the first systematic elaboration of Marx and Engels on the basic viewpoint of historical materialism.Therefore,it is necessary to start with "Form" to conduct an in-depth analysis of the thought of "realistic individual".In Form,Marx and Engels explored and studied the nature of man based on the real material living conditions,completely cleared up the previous philosophical tradition of talking about man divorced from reality,and realized the ideological transformation from "abstract man" to "realistic individual".In Form,Marx and Engels made a clear distinction with Hegel,criticized Hegel’s "absolute spirit",Feuerbach’s "abstract man",Stirner’s "the unique" and Powell’s "self-consciousness",and clarified his own materialist view of history.Marx and Engels elaborated the basic connotation of "realistic individual" and pointed out that "realistic individual" is a natural person with life,a conscious person,a person engaged in material production labor,a person in a certain social relationship,and a historical person.According to the thought of the unity of individual form,community and ownership,Marx and Engels divided "realistic individual" into three existing forms: natural individual,accidental individual and individual with personality.Individual with personality is the highest form of human personality development.Based on the specific social and historical environment,Marx and Engels saw the alienation and one-sided development of human beings in the development of capitalism through in-depth exploration of social and historical forms.In order to get rid of this state of development,Marx and Engels revealed the source of alienation labor through the analysis and criticism of alienation labor,and found the conditions to realize the free and comprehensive development of human under the capitalist social conditions.Marx and Engels proposed that the proletarians all over the world should unite to oppose the rule of the bourgeoisie,and establish a communist society by eliminating the division of labor and private ownership,so as to realize the full liberation of human beings.In essence,this goal can only be realized under the premise of highly developed productive forces and universal establishment of world communication,and only in a society where the majority of people become proletarians and in opposition to the existing world.Marx and Engels’ "realistic individual" thought is of great significance.It not only provides a theoretical reference for promoting the harmonious and unified relationship between man and nature,but also provides a theoretical basis for realizing the free and all-round development of man.Moreover,Marx and Engels’ "realistic individual" thought also plays a positive role in the new era,providing ideas and methods for today’s people-oriented thought and helping to promote the free and comprehensive development of modern people.