| Language is the carrier of culture,the main form of expression and means of communication of culture.The meaning of vocabulary generally includes lexical meaning,grammatical meaning and rhetorical meaning.The national custom meaning is evolved from the rhetorical meaning of vocabulary.It is a kind of cultural meaning that reflects the historical culture and the uniqueness of national customs attached to the original conceptual meaning of vocabulary.To some extent,it can reflect the differences between national cultures.The national custom semantics originated from the ‘national linguistics’ proposed by the Soviet scholars E.M.Vileyakin and B.T.Toskomarov in the 1960 s based on their experience in teaching Russian as a foreign language and practical needs.In the late 1970 s,Wang Dechun,a famous linguist in China,introduced and developed "national custom semantics".After many years of theoretical development and teaching practice,Chinese teaching as a foreign language has gradually begun to attach importance to cultural teaching,but the research on teaching strategies and teaching experience of the national semantics of vocabulary are not enough.Japan,as our neighboring country,has a deep cultural origin in history.It is not only in the cultural circle of Chinese characters,but also has many similarities in culture,such as the literary consensus of mourning spring and mourning autumn,the similar architectural styles of intrigue,etc.Therefore,for Chinese learners with Japanese as their mother tongue background,Chinese is both friendly and unfamiliar,with similarities and differences,This has led them to quickly become familiar with Chinese,but in the process of in-depth understanding,they often make mistakes in the acquisition of Chinese national customs.This paper aims to improve the cultural connotation teaching of Japanese and Chinese through the comparative study of the national custom semantics of the two languages and the error analysis.Color words are more prominent in carrying the function of national culture.For example,red is the basic color in our culture,which reflects the material and spiritual pursuit of Chinese people and symbolizes happiness and auspiciousness.The national custom semantics is the embodiment of the semantic nationality,which can reflect the history,culture and customs of the country using the language,and has national cultural characteristics.Therefore,this paper chooses the basic color words ‘black,white,red,green,yellow’ and their derived words in Chinese as the starting point of the study,and compares the national customs semantic differences between Chinese and Japanese color words to analyze the similarities and differences between them.Secondly,it analyzes the reasons for their differences and similarities,and the differences in their national characteristics.Finally,through a questionnaire to investigate the Japanese native language Chinese learners’ mastery of the national folklore of Chinese color words,this paper classifies the types of errors from the perspective of error analysis,discusses the causes of errors,proposes teaching strategies for the national folklore of Japanese and Chinese color words,and designs relevant teaching plans to display them. |
