Marx And Engels’ Morality And Its Contemporary Values

The morality of Marx and Engels is an organic part of Marxist moral theory.In-depth study of this idea is not only conducive to our comprehensive understanding of Marxist moral theory,but also of great significance to Promote socialist morality in a new era.On the basis of critically inheriting the moral ideas of predecessors,this paper traces the theoretical origin of Marx and Engels’ moral outlook,followed by a scientific interpretation of Marx and Engels’ morality with the materialistic view of history as the footing and starting point,and finally reveals the contemporary value of Marx and Engels’ moral outlook.This thesis elaborates on Marx and Engels’ morality and its contemporary value in three parts.The first part mainly examines the theoretical origins of Marx and Engels’ moral outlook.Based on the criticism,inheritance and transformation of the moral thought of the representatives of the three major periods,namely,British and French utilitarianism,German classical philosophy and nineteenth-century ideal socialism,Marx and Engels gradually formed Marx and Engels’ unique moral views and began to understand morality based on the materialistic historical view.This part is combed horizontally and vertically through the history of ideas.We find the differences and connections between the moral thought of previous thinkers and Marx and Engels’ moral thought,and make a preliminary exploration and preparatory work for the following interpretation of Marx and Engels’ morality.The second part focuses on the interpretation of Marx and Engels’ morality.First,Marx and Engels’ view on the origin of morality is explained,pointing out that the origin of morality is closely related to labor,social relations and consciousness.Consciousness gave rise to the idea of private ownership,which led to the accumulation of private property,and private property provided the material basis for the origin of morality.Work and social relations are the historical preconditions and objective conditions for the origin of morality;consciousness gives rise to the idea of private ownership,and the idea of private ownership provides the spiritual basis for the origin of morality.Secondly,expound the essence of morality in three ways,economic,ideological and politics,namely,morality is a product of social and economic conditions,morality is a special social ideology,and morality is the morality that leads to the liberation of all mankind.Finally,it is shown that Marx and Engels’ moral concept has the characteristics of class,socio-historical and relative independence,which in turn strongly refutes the economic determinism and eternal moralism.The third part examines the contemporary value of Marx and Engels’ moral outlook.Thinking about the moral problems of contemporary China and the world today from the progression of Marx and Engels’ moral views just proves that Marx and Engels’ moral views still have powerful explanatory power of the times.At the theoretical level,this idea not only provides the theoretical support for the continuation of Marxist moral thought,but also offer a thought weapon to criticize today’s capitalist morality and a theoretical basis to construct the socialist morality in the new era.At the practical level,the morality of Marx and Engels is beneficial to push the combination of governing the country according to law and governing the country by virtue,and cultivating and carrying forward the core socialist values,and reflect on the current moral development of Chinese society.In conclusion,morality is an important criterion for measuring the development and progress of human society.The solution of moral problems is necessary to alleviate social contradictions,promoting moral construction,building a moral system suitable for China’s national conditions,and helping to take the road of catching up to achieve the second hundred-year goal.