A Comparative Study Of Defensive Verbs In Zuo Zhuan And Shi Ji

Common words are an important part of vocabulary,the study of common words and their evolution is conducive to establishing a scientific history of Chinese vocabulary,enriching the theory of Chinese diachronic lexicology,and is of great significance to Chinese vocabulary teaching and modern Chinese research.This paper takes the verb meaning of "defense" in military words as the research object,and takes Zuo Zhuan and Shi Ji as research materials,and examines the evolution of "defensive" verbs from the perspective of Zuo Zhuan to Shi Ji.The full text consists of five parts:The first part is the introduction,which introduces the reasons for the selection of the topic and defines the concept of the verb "defense",then summarizes the existing research on the comparison of military words,Zuo Zhuan and Shi Ji in the academic circles,and finally introduces the research meaning,research content,and research methods of the article,and explains the version of the literature material and other issues.The second part describes the synchronic description of the "defensive" verbs that appear in Zuo Zhuan,and the article first analyzes the 18 "defensive" verbs that Han(扞/扞),Jing(警),Shu(戍),Jing(儆),Kang(亢),Shou(守),Jie(戒),Bei(备),Xiao(校),Yu(御),Fan(藩/藩),Dang(当),Tun(屯),Di(敌),Bao(保),Dian(殿),Dai(待),Wei(卫).Then,f rom the three perspectives of the syntactic function,semantic analysis,usage characteri stics and applicable fields of "defensive" verbs,specific descriptive analysis is made.The third part describes the synchronic description of the "defensive" verbs that appear in the Shi Ji,and the article first analyzes the 15 "defensive" verbs that Ju(拒 /距),Tun(屯),Han(扞),Shu(戍),Bei(备),Bao(保),Jing(警),Shou(守),Yi(抑),Di(敌),Yu(御),Wei(卫),Jie(戒),Dang(当),Dai(待).Then,from the three perspectives of the syntactic function,semantic analysis,usage characteristics and applicable fields of "defensive" verbs,specific descriptive analysis is made.The fourth part introduces the evolution of the "defensive" verb from the Zuo Zhuan to the Shi Ji from the perspective of diachronic time.This part is mainly divided into three parts:1.Introduce the evolution of "defensive" verbs from Zuo Zhuan to Shi Ji,mainly from the changes of "defensive" verb members,Zuo Zhuan and Shi Ji have five aspects to analyze and explain the changes in the frequency of use of "defensive" verbs,changes in syntactic functions,changes in semantic analysis,changes in usage characteristics and changes in applicable fields;2.Summarize the evolution characteristics of "defensive" verbs from Zuo Zhuan to Shi Ji in three aspects,namely: the inheritance and gradation of "defensive" verbs;conciseness of word meaning and accuracy of expression;the tendency towards two-syllableization of "defensive" verbs;3.Explain the reasons for the evolution of the "defensive" verb from both internal and external aspects,and the internal reasons are mainly explained from the accuracy of language expression and the influence of language system;The external causes are mainly explained from the aspects of ancient clan culture and ritual culture.The fifth part summarizes the full text and points out the shortcomings of the article.