The Research On The Translation Activities Of Sports Students Studying In The US During The Modern Time

Surrounded by the crisis both from the internal and external,modern China took learning advanced knowledge from foreign countries as a shortcut to save the country.And the United States served as the main hub for Chinese individuals to learn about Western science,technology,and culture during this era,with the initial batch of government-sponsored students sent to the US.Despite obstructions from feudal forces,the pursuit of education in the United States persisted,and the refunding of the Boxer Indemnity by the US government allowed for a resurgence of educational opportunities in the US,reaching a pinnacle during the Republic of China with even greater impact than before.In the meantime,inspired by the concepts of "strengthening the nation and strengthening the people" and "saving the nation through sports," many young Chinese traveled extensively to the US to study sports and physical education,ultimately establishing a strong foundation for the growth of sports culture in China.Firstly this study investigates the reasons and background for the rise of Chinese students studying sports in the United States in modern times,including: 1.The dredging of educational channels to study in the United States;2.The rise of sports in the United States;3.The introduction of American sports by Western church organizations;4.The inspiration of "Sports saving the Nation";5.The individual ambition for the career development of P.E.and sports practitioners.Secondly,based on the available data and literature,the relevant data of 69 Chinese students who studied sports and PE in the United States in modern times was collected,including25 females and 44 males.The top 3 institutions in terms of student number are Columbia University(20),Springfield College(18),and Iowa University is tied with Wellesley College(10).The highest degrees they obtained in the U.S include doctorate(6),master(35)and bachelor(12).Thirdly,on the basis of a comprehensive investigation of their works,it found that the range of their translation activities is much wider than their published translation works.After investigation of their works,this study revealed that their translation activities are not only reflected in their translated works,but also widely exist in other works as well,since the quoting and paraphrasing of western scientific knowledge are very common in their works.In addition,some of their translation works were in the form of internal textbooks,handouts and other non-public forms.The main categories of their translation production include:1.Sports theory and application;2.Introductory sports teaching;3.Tactics and competition rules;4.Introduction and popularization of Western sports culture.Though the thorough investigation of the translation activities of modern Chinese students studying sports in the United States,this study summarizes the characteristics of translation activities of the group: 1.Diversification of the target countries;2.Flexibility of translation strategies;3.Enrichment of the categories of translated works;4.Rationalization of introduction of foreign works.The translating methods they adopted mainly involve literal translation,free translation,abridged translation,compilation,citation and paraphrase.And the influence of their translation activities was shown in: 1.introducing PE textbook,perfecting the PE discipline;2.promoting western competitive sports,enhancing Chinese competitive sports;3.propagating Chinese sports and promoting exchanges between the Chinese and foreign sports.