Research On The Agricultural Cooperative Movement In Guizhou(1951-1957)

From March 1951 to March 1957,the Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou refers to a mass movement of farmers,led by the CPC,who gradually transformed the individual and decentralized agricultural economy into a large-scale and collective socialist agricultural economy through temporary mutual aid groups,perennial mutual aid groups,elementary cooperatives and high-grade cooperatives in agricultural production.It was a part of China’s Agricultural Cooperative Movement,an agricultural socialist transformation practice leaded by the CPC,and an inevitable trend of the world’s socialist revolution and China’s new democratic revolution.It shaped the collectivization spirit of agriculture for the new Chinese Guizhou farmers.Studying the Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou is conducive to enriching the history of itself,and highlighting the choices made by the people and history for the CPC and socialism.drawing on its experiences and lessons is conducive to providing historical inspiration for the revitalization strategy of rural areas with Guizhou characteristics.The historical process of Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou was billow magnificent and cascade progressive.The mutual aid group developed on the basis of individual households and mutual assistance in labor,including temporary mutual aid groups and perennial mutual aid groups.It was a solid foundation for elementary cooperatives and an important supplement to high-grade cooperatives.From March1951 to the June of 1955,it underwent four stages of development,namely,preliminary trial operation and rising with a bang,clear direction and the first great development,comprehensive rectification and consolidation,and the second great development.The elementary cooperative was upgraded from the mutual aid groups,which was a solid foundation for the high-grade cooperative.From November 1953 to January 1956,it underwent four stages of development: trial operation in batches,controlled development in batches,rectification and consolidation,and loose great development.The high-grade cooperative was mainly upgraded from the elementary cooperatives.From December1955 to March 1957,it underwent three stages of development: direct great development,comprehensive rectification and consolidation,and comprehensive transformation to the high-grade cooperative.The historical experience of the Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou is increasingly new over time and thought-provoking.The fundamental guarantee of the Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou was to adhere to and strengthen the leadership of the CPC based on the recruitment of Party members and the establishment of grass-roots party organizations,with ideological and political education as an important means,and with trust in the masses and the Party as the source of power.It was an inevitable choice of the era for Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou to organize and develop production by taking the voluntariness,mutual benefit,and democracy as the organizational principles,taking diligence and thrift as the principles of running cooperatives,taking the construction of water conservancy projects and technological innovation as the production principles,taking the reliance on the poor peasants and unity and the middle peasants as the class principles.In the process of continuously summing up experiences and lessons,comprehensive planning,and overall coordination,the development law of Guizhou’s agricultural cooperative movement was steady development liked wave,characterized by the gradual progress of key trial operation and gradual promotion,the alternation of development and rectification and consolidation,and the parallel development of quality and quantity with a focus on quality.The ethnic policy of Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou was to adhere to and strengthen ethnic unity by correctly distinguishing between Han areas,multi-ethnic areas,and ethnic minority areas,dialectically analyzing the enthusiasm of ethnic minority agricultural cooperation,respecting ethnic minority customs,developing ethnic minority party members and cadres,and uniting ethnic minority natural leaders and their elites.The enlightenment of Agricultural Cooperative Movement in Guizhou on the Revitalization of Guizhou’s Characteristic Countryside in the New Era will be dispelling the clouds and seeing the sun,and will be expounding profound thing and exposing subtle thing.Maintaining the flesh and blood connection between the Party and the people by developing and optimizing party members and cadres,strengthening ideological and political education,and trusting the people,the Party,and rural revitalization,will give a strong guarantee for rural revitalization.Going to the road of common prosperity by innovating the new collective economy will highlight the characteristics of Chinese path to modernization.Adhering to the spirit of hard work is the basic of advocating diligent and thrifty,and ensuring it through democratic supervision.Adhering to high-quality development is the basic of focusing on pilot projects,gradually promoting,consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation,combining reasonable scale with optimization projects,and achieving effective improvement in quality.Adhering to the basic principle of seeking truth from facts is the basic of creating a characteristic rural revitalization of thousands of townships and villages by adapting measures to local conditions.