The Unity Of Logic And History In Capital And Its Manuscript

This article aims to elucidate the unity of logic and history manifested by Marx in Capital and its manuscripts.The article sorts out the theoretical sources of Marx’s unity of logic and history,restores the dynamic history of the generation of the idea of unity of logic and history from abstraction to unity in Marx’s classical texts,and concretely shows the study of primitive accumulation in Capital to prove the subtlety and profundity of Marx’s idea of unity of logic and history.Firstly,Marx’s unity of logic and history is a materialist critique and transcendence of Hegel’s idea of the unity of history and logic.In Marx’s field of study,the unity of logic and history is a dialectical unity from abstract to concrete and dynamic development-the evolution of logical categories and the evolution of social history have a homogeneous unity from abstract to concrete,while the subjective dynamics of logic and the evolution of social history reach a retrospective unity from abstract to concrete;The unity of the two is the dialectical unity of both following the objective development of things and highlighting the creative compliance of the subject.Secondly,the methodological principle of the unity of logic and history permeates the study of the historical origins of capitalism in Marx’s classical texts,showing a logical depth from the abstract to the concrete.For example,Marx captures the phenomenon of capitalist society in the form of concepts in the Philosophical Manuscripts on Economics of 1844,and launches a discursive analysis of alienated labor and private property;in The German Ideology,he precipitates the analysis of the development history of human society in the form of productive forces and private ownership,and initially reveals the factors of formation and transformation process of capitalist society;and then progresses to The Poverty of Philosophy,where Marx,in his analysis of In his critique of Proudhon’s metaphysical political economy,Marx elucidated the general laws of social history and their development dynamics with a more scientific and precise contradictory movement of the productive forces and relations of production,achieving the goal of "grasping the laws of social history with logical thinking" and establishing a theoretical paradigm for the study of the primitive accumulation of capital at the height of the unification of logic and history.Thirdly,Marx focused on the specificity of capitalism in Capital and its manuscripts,and inherited the paradigm of productive forces and relations of production that he had previously built up to study how capital was historically possible in the chapter of "so-called primitive accumulation".Marx precisely grasps the deprivation nature of capital proliferation,abstracts and refines the historical causes and essential conditions of primitive accumulation in the historical development of capitalism,and develops from the abstract essence to the concrete reality,showing the logical and historical unity of primitive accumulation of capital at a deep level.In addition,after revealing the logic and historical unity in the history of primitive accumulation,the analysis of "commodity-money-capital-surplus value"in Capital is re-examined.The analysis of "commodity-money-capital-surplus value" in Das Kapital reveals a path that evolves from simple to complex,from phenomenon to essence,from simple abstraction to synthesis to realistic and concrete economic spheres,which fundamentally exposes the secret of exploitation in capitalist society,and the end of the volume focuses on exploring the logic and history of the "so-called The logic and history of the so-called "primitive accumulation" are unified and integrated.Thus,the study and elaboration of the structure of capitalism itself is a dialectical unification of logic and history,from the abstract to the concrete.Finally,Marx’s unity of logic and history,as a profoundly reflective understanding and revelation of the logic of existence of capitalist society,reveals that the development of theoretical logic must be premised on concrete socio-historical development,and grasp the real historical development and historical facts at the real level,so that the unity of logic and history itself becomes the way of existence in the capitalist era.