Research On The Critical Of Capital Dialectics In Das Kapital

Das Kapital is a representative work of Marx and a model of applying dialectical method to political economy.Based on the text content of Das Kapital,and the criticism of capital dialectics,this is a refined study of "the dialectics of Das Kapital".The so-called "criticism of capital dialectics" mainly means to critically analyze the characteristics and essence of capital with dialectics,so as to grasp the duality of capital,that is,the positivity and negativity of capital,and finally achieve the purpose of in-depth criticism of capitalism.Through the criticism of capital dialectics,we can see the intrinsic nature of capital,and grasp the internal contradictions and the logical movement process of capital,as well as the characteristics and behavior laws of capital.Exploring the criticism of capital dialectics in Marx’s Das Kapital has profound practical basis and urgent theoretical need,which is helpful to deepen the textual research of Das Kapital.It is helpful to open up a new realm of the sinicization of Marxism;At the same time,we should pay more attention to the major theoretical and practical issues facing China today.This paper analyzes and expounds the criticism of dialectics of capital,aiming to reveal: first,how Marx sublates Hegel’s dialectics,thus realizing the development from "dialectic criticism of concept" to "dialectic criticism of capital";Secondly,it clarifies the internal logic and movement law of capital dialectic criticism based on the text of Capital.Thirdly,on the basis of mastering the characteristics of capital,we discuss the contemporary enlightenment of the criticism of capital dialectics,so as to provide methodological reference for standardizing and guiding the healthy development of capital in the socialist market economy.First,Marx "applied" and "modified" Hegel’s dialectics well in Das Kapital.Hegel’s conceptual dialectics carries out self-negation,self-movement and self-development of concepts at the level of abstract thinking,replaces representation with concepts,and emphasizes the importance of inner self-negation of absolute spirit.However,it only stays at the level of abstract thinking and does not touch the practical activities of reality.Therefore,his dialectics belongs to speculative dialectics,which is a kind of "abstract dialectics".Marx critically inherited the "negation" thought of Hegel’s conceptual dialectics and applied it to the criticism of capital dialectics,realizing the development of dialectics from Hegel’s conceptual dialectics to capital dialectics.Secondly,it discusses the internal logic of capital dialectic criticism based on the text of Capital,mainly from three perspectives: generative logic of capital dialectic criticism,connotation logic of capital dialectic criticism and transformation logic of capital dialectic criticism.The generative logic of criticism of capital dialectics is mainly carried out from three aspects: "Negation of concept" to "negation of capital","criticism of spiritual construction" to "criticism of capital construction","formal dialectics" to "connotation dialectics".The connotation logic of capital dialectic criticism mainly starts from "commodity criticism" to "capital criticism",turns from "alienated labor" to "alienated profit",and turns from "metaphysical criticism" to "political economy criticism".On the transformation logic of capital dialectics criticism,mainly from the surplus value production of capital: abstract and concrete opposition;Capital in the realization of Surplus Value: the opposition between free competition and planned production;Capital in the division of surplus value: the opposite of efficiency and equity.Finally,based on Capital dialectics criticism of capital research,break through the boundary of capital sin,let us better understand the nature and logic of capital,to provide methodology reference for the rational use of capital in the socialist market economy.Capital has "duality".We should correctly understand and grasp the characteristics of capital under the framework of capital dialectics criticism,and give full play to the positive role of capital as a factor of production and of capital as a social relationship.We will ensure the precise positioning of capital in the socialist market economy from the following four aspects:managing the distribution of capital,standardizing its operation,improving its return on capital,and maintaining capital security,and make more rational use of all types of capital.Capital is an important component of the socialist market economy.We should creatively guide capital to achieve healthy and orderly development under the conditions of the socialist market economy,set traffic lights for all kinds of capital in a scientific way,give better play to the role of the market and the government,and smooth the road to the healthy development of capital.