Chinese Character Textbook Design For Beginners From Non-Chinese Character Sphere Based On The Research Of Their Chinese Character Errors And Cognitive Character

This paper takes primary non-Chinese circle learners of Chinese as the research object,analyzes their errors in the process of writing Chinese characters,finds out the problems of these learners in the process of learning Chinese characters,and analyzes the causes of the problems and proposes countermeasures to solve them by combining the research on the cognitive features of non-Chinese circle learners of Chinese characters,so as to guide the design of targeted primary Chinese textbooks and try to design them,then make some samples of the textbooks.Firstly,This paper classifies the writing errors of learners in the collected corpus from three perspectives: strokes,parts,and whole characters,and adopts a quantitative analysis method to count the types of errors.It is found that strokes are the most likely to cause problems in primary non-Chinese circle learners when writing Chinese characters,accounting for 50% of the total.The second was component problems,accounting for 35.5%.And finally,whole characters,at 14.5 percent.In terms of frequency of occurrence from high to low,they can be subdivided into the following categories: stroke relationship,change of parts,omission of strokes,phonetic proximity substitution,strokes deformation,omission of parts,parts transposition and deformation,form proximity substitution,addition of strokes,addition of parts,stroke direction,and semantic proximity substitution.From the objective point of view,the causes of errors include the interference of the native language,the interference of Chinese characters with similar form units,the interference of phonetic and morphological characters,and the influence of teaching and textbook factors;from the point of view of the learners’ learning of Chinese characters,the causes of errors include the learners’ own weak awareness of stroke combinations,lack of attention to character details and writing rules,weak awareness of pictophonetic characters,weak awareness of the structure of Chinese characters and the position of their parts,and poor learning attitudes.At the same time,this paper summarizes the research results on the cognitive features of non-Chinese circle learners,and finds that they have stroke number effect and character frequency effect when learning Chinese characters,and the component number effect has little effect on the primary learners.Besides,non-Chinese circle learners’ awareness of part position develops before part awareness,and learners at the primary stage have the least awareness of the rules for combining parts and have the most difficulty in mastering laterally structured Chinese characters.Lastly,non-chinese circle learners are more likely to recognize Chinese characters with strong phonetic representation,while their awareness of phonetic representation develops more slowly.In view of these characteristics,we should arrange Chinese characters order reasonably when compiling textbooks,such as considering stroke number and word frequency factors;also,it is necessary to strengthen learners’ awareness of component and component combination rules;and we need to strengthen learners’ awareness of parts and the rules for combining parts;besides,we need to make reasonable use of soundside characters with strong phonetic function to read Chinese characters,and to strengthen learners’ awareness of the meaningful function of form-side characters at the same time.Combining the above findings,this paper designs a Chinese character textbook for non-Chinese circle leaners who are primary.The textbook consists of 4 units and 14 lessons for a semester of 36 hours of instruction.A total of 246 elementary Chinese characters are covered,from which learners need to master: the basic strokes of Chinese characters,knowledge of the functions and main structural features of high-frequency components,epigraphic and epigraphic components,as well as the rules of stroke direction and stroke order when writing Chinese characters,and the identification of shape approximation,sound approximation and prone to error.Through learning,it can help learners to grasp features of Chinese character constructions and enhances their awareness of Chinese character patterns,thus laying a good foundation for further learning and expansion of Chinese characters.The study gives some examples of compiling the content of each unit,and puts forward the limitation of compiling,looking forward to perfecting the textbook in the future.