Film And Urban Tourism Economic Growth

Tourism is an important strategic and pillar industry with sustainable and stable growth in the world economy.With the proposal of the concept of green development,China’s tourism industry,as a "green" driving force,has received more and more attention and shown a "sunrise".China is rich in tourism resources,but there are many problems in the development of tourism.The Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Combined Development of Culture and Tourism(2009)points out: "Strengthening the in-depth combination of culture and tourism is conducive to promoting the reform of cultural system,accelerating the development of cultural industry,promoting the transformation and upgrading of tourism industry,and satisfying the people’s consumption." In this background,this article takes the film industry as the research object,based on the perspective of the film’s cultural output to the location shooting,assessing the role of the film industry in promoting the development of the regional tourism industry for the first time.This paper supplements the research on the impact of the cultural industry on tourism represented by the film industry,expands the research on the impact of informal institutions on the development of tourism economy,and provides suggestions for the government to promote the development of tourism and the implementation of related policies in the future.In this paper,based on the macro level panel data of 284 prefecture-level cities from 2000 to 2018 and the micro level box office data,the selection of location shooting is regarded as a quasi-natural experiment,with the cities selected as the control group and the cities not selected as the control group.In this paper,we use the the Differencein-Differences Method to study the effects of film cultural output on the city’s tourism economic development,which controls the time-fixed effect,the regional fixed effect and the joint time-fixed effect.The research results show that :(1)The basic regression result: After after the city was selected as location shooting,the film promotes the development of the tourism economy of the location city through the cultural output of the location city.The total per capita domestic and foreign tourism revenue increased by 2.99%,and the per capita domestic and foreign tourism arrivals increased by 1.92%.(2)Robustness test:Considering the influence of extreme values,this paper winsorize the explained varibles,and the regression results are similar to the baseline regression results;In order to exclude the reverse causality,this paper takes the time when the city is selected as a dummy variable,and the reverse causality does not threaten the basic conclusion of this paper;By changing the core explanatory variable to the number of films released,the regression results were still robust;Considering the influence of China Film and Television City,the net effect of film culture output is identified,and the regression results were robust;Considering the influence of non-random selection of samples,the conclusion is still valid by introducing the intersection of city benchmark factor dummy variable and time trend.All the robustness tests in this paper did not change the basic regression results,so the results are robust and unbiased.(3)Film quality test: This paper selects the award-winning status of ten awards with high international and domestic recognition and the ratings of two major domestic and foreign movie websites with a large number of users and high movie review quality as the judging criteria for movie quality,the regression results show that the higher quality of the film,the higher the output intensity of urban culture,and with the accumulation of time,the cultural output of films plays a more and more important role in promoting regional tourism economic growth.High-quality films can bring positive effects to regional tourism economy in the long run.(4)Test of impact effect: In this paper,the differences in transportation facilities in different cities and regions are included in the analysis framework to generate dummy variables representing the development of urban transportation,and the cross term between them and the box office is added into the regression equation.The regression results show that film culture export has a stronger promotion effect on regional tourism income in cities with a higher degree of transportation development.(5)Heterogeneity test: This paper divided the whole sample into groups based on the box office and production regions,and then investigated the different effect.The results show that high-box-office films have a higher promotion effect on regional tourism revenue than low-box-office films;the box office of both domestic and foreign films in the China promotes the per capita total domestic and foreign tourism income and per capita domestic and foreign tourism at a significant level of more than 5%.The results are consistent with the bacic regression.However,the regression coefficients of foreign movies for the other six explained variables are higher than those of domestic movies.The conclusion of this paper provides a factual basis for the cultural system reform to promote the development of tourism economy,and provides important enlightenment for the development of tourism in the future: when the government carries out urban planning,it should fully explore the history and culture of the city,and turn it into the core tourism competition element of the city;The state should regulate the film industry,improve relevant laws and regulations,not only strengthen the investment and guidance of the film industry,develop film and television technology,but also provide a free environment for creation,encourage artistic creation;The state should encourage and train artistic talents in the cultural industry,pay attention to the improvement of film quality,and expand the overseas market of Chinese film industry;Pay attention to the development of the supporting industries of tourism,such as accommodation,catering and transportation,optimize the city’s tourism resources,and establish a good city image.