The Jiatang scroll painting is a kind of important carrier to record the names of the family ancestors,which reflects the information of family reproduction,cultural change and so on.The patterns and figures on the painting reflect the development level of painting technology at that time,so the cultural relics not only have a good memorial value for the family,but also for the society,is a special form of cultural relics with high historical,cutural and art research value.However,due to the influence of storage conditions,cultural relics material,environment and other factors,color fading,fabric rot,damage,mold breeding,serious acidification and other diseases has appeared.The restoration and conservation research on this painting can provide a certain reference for the durable preservation of this kind of cultural relics.The Jiatang scroll painting painted in the seventh year of Guangxu era was chosen as the research object of this paper.According to the composition and disease types of painting,the appropriate conservation materials was studied.Based on the results,the painting was restored.The specific research contents are as follows:1.Jiatang scroll painting ontology and disease analysisSEM,fiber dyeing analysis and other characterization methods were used to analyze the fiber types of Jiatang scroll painting.The red,black and green pigments on the cultural relics were analyzed and identified by EDS and confocal Raman spectrometer.The binding materials in cultural relics were analyzed by Py-GC/MS.SEM,EDX and XRD were used to analyze the composition of the filler.The results show that the carrier of jiatang scroll painting is cotton cloth woven by cotton thread in plain pattern,the pigment composition is cinnabar,carbon black and Paris green,the binding is mainly animal glue,and the filler is calcium sulfate dihydrate.The surface contaminants were identified as erucic acid amide,stearic alcohol acetate,butyric anhydride,tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate and other oils and spices by GC/MS.Six dominant strains of Trichoderma harziana were identified by PCR,optical microscope and SEM.2.CNF reinforcement and mildew prevention of simulated cotton fabricAccording to the analysis results of the scroll painting,nanocellulose which is composed of the same material as the supporting body(cotton cloth)is used to strengthen the painting.The ageing degree of cotton cultural relics was effectively quantified with color difference,p H value,SEM and so on.The results showed that the samples aged for 30 days were close to the ageing degree of cultural relics fiber,and the simulated samples were made similar to the ageing degree of cultural relics.The film transmittance of different concentrations of CNF and the variation of mechanical properties,p H and color difference of simulated samples before and after treatment were studied.The optimal concentration of CNF was 0.6 %.For samples treated by0.6 % CNF dispersion were accelerated ageing,the mechanical properties,microstructure of the samples before and after ageing,infrared spectra,thermogravimetric and mouldproof performance are analyzed and tested,the results show that the mechanical properties of the cotton fabric after reinforcement increase significantly,and has good resistance to ageing performance and mouldproof function.3.Study on deacidification reinforcement of simulated cotton fabric by CNF/Mg OIn the selected concentration of CNF,different concentrations of nano Mg O were mixed to form the deacidification and reinforcement solution.The simulated cotton fabric was treated with CNF/Mg O and accelerated ageing.By testing the mechanical properties,morphology,infrared spectrum,thermogravimetric and color difference of the aged cotton fabric,the results show that the appropriate concentration of deacidification reinforcement solution can play a role in deacidification reinforcement of the sample,and has good ageing resistance and stability.4.Research on reappearance and reinforcement of simulation faded paintingThe optimum concentration of F2314 and EC was selected by testing tensile strength,transmittance,contact Angle,chromatic aberration and film forming performance.The tensile strength,contact angle,light transmittance and hermogravimetry of F2314 and EC blended films with different proportions were tested.The optimal ratio of F2314 and EC was selected as 3:7.The simulated samples of color painting were strengthened and aged before and after treatment.The results show that the ageing resistance,roughness and reflectance of pigment are decreased obviously after the treatment with developing hardening agent.5.Restoration of Jiatang scroll paintingCombined with the above research results,the Jiatang scroll painting was restored and protected.First,the relics were cleaned with mixture of water,alcohol and appropriate amount of AEO9.Secondly,CNF/Mg O was applied for deacidification and reinforcement and F2314/EC was used for appearance reinforcement the faded pigments.Finally,repair the damaged part.After conservation and restoration,p H rose from about 4.50 to 7.50,and the faded color painting of cultural relics was reapperanced. |