Application Of AMC-E Acrylic Elastic Gel On Reinforcement Of Deteriorated Sandstone Relics

As a typical representative of immovable stone cultural relics,grotto temples are an important part of China’s cultural heritage and have a high historical,artistic and scientific value.Among all kinds of grottoes in China,sandstone grottoes account for most of them.Most of the grottoes temple is excavated along the mountain,and the atmosphere,hydrosphere,lithosphere and biosphere are closely related to it.Natural and human factors such as earthquake,water,heat,salt,wind and sand,microorganism,environmental pollution and other natural factors act on the grottoes for a long time,making them generally face serious problems such as surface deterioration,rock mass instability,water damage and pollution.Due to the protection of cultural relics must follow "does not change the original state of cultural relics" and "least intervention" principle,the use of protection and demands "to deal with",combined with the cave temples in the open or half-open save state,has the characteristics of volume is larger,not moving at the same time,and at home and abroad and the lack of mature grottoes protection theory,method and technology,especially the shortage of the reinforcement materials research,makes the grottoes immobile stone cultural relics protection,such as a worldwide problem.Based on the literature and the related experimental data,analyzed the Yungang Grottoes of the degradation mechanism of sandstone,discusses the composition of stone relics protection materials,properties,mechanism and sandstone protection principle,selected acrylate elastic gel(AMC-E),ethyl orthosilicate(Remmers 300),ethyl silicate(TOT),cellulose ester polymers(ZB-WB-S)four stone relics reinforcement material of the Yungang Grottoes sandstone samples consolidation tests.By universal material testing machine,environmental scanning electron microscope(ESEM),X-ray diffraction analyzer(XRD),X-ray fluorescence analysis instrument(XRF),thermal analyzer,Fourier infrared spectrometer(FTIR),Raman spectrometer(RS),color difference meter,automatic gap analyzer,moisture adsorption instrument instrument of sandstone samples such as strengthening the microstructure,mechanical properties and permeability test and analysis;The acid,salt,freeze-thaw and ultraviolet aging tests were carried out by means of high and low temperature alternating test box and ultraviolet aging test box.The experimental results show that AMC-E acrylate elastic gel material has the characteristics of small molecule material,has low viscosity,good permeability and can permeate to the degraded stone cultural relics.After curing can significantly improve the strength of stone;It has the stability of "organic-inorganic" composite material and is highly matched with the stone material itself.It has a good compatibility with water,can be swollen by water but insoluble in water,has the property of hysteretic dilatation-drying shrinkage,signifycantly improves the ability of sandstone to resist the action of water and salt.Based on AMC-E acrylate elastic gel materials preparation methods,mechanism of reinforcement,reinforcement effect evaluation,failure mechanism and so on carries on the thorough analysis,combined with field test,the effect Yungang Grottoes preliminary showed that AMC-E acrylate elastic gel material has good protection performance,embody the application potential in the aspect of strengthening protection of surfaces of stone relics.