A Study On The Phonetics And Vocabulary Of The Chinese Textbook "Conversation In Southern China" During The Meiji Perio

Conversation of South China is a textbook for Japanese to learn Nanjing Mandarin during the Meiji period.The phonetic annotation and vocabulary arrangement in the book reflect the teaching characteristics of phonetics and vocabulary at that time,and also provide clues for the study of Nanjing Mandarin in the late Qing Dynasty,which has important research value,but the current academic research on this textbook is only limited to a general introduction.This paper attempts to make a further analysis of the characteristics and scientific enlightenment of the phonetic teaching materials in Meiji period.In the part of phonetic research,this paper studies the phonetic system of Conversation of South China with reference to the phonetic system of modern Nanjing Mandarin and contemporary Nanjing dialect,It is concluded that the initials do not distinguish between aspirated and non aspirated sounds,Jian Yin and Tuan Yin,vowels do not distinguish between front and back nasal sounds,entering rhymes,etc.In the part of the vocabulary study,this paper focuses on the vocabulary categories,basic words,paraphrasing and special vocabulary.The textbook covers 25 categories.The basic words are mainly monosyllabic.The vocabulary interpretation method of one word translation and multi word simultaneous translation is adopted.The special words reflect the characteristics of practicability and flexibility.In the part of teaching and enlightenment,this paper summarizes the editor’s phonetic project arrangement characteristics,national phonetic teaching methods,vocabulary arrangement characteristics,vocabulary selection characteristics and vocabulary teaching methods.Finally,it concludes that we should pay attention to national teaching,fragment input and tone teaching in pronunciation;In terms of vocabulary,we should pay attention to the scientificity of arrangement,the practicability of vocabulary selection,semantic aggregation,the accuracy of interpretation and the combination of vocabulary teaching and culture teaching.