| Potato chips are a snack food made from potatoes that have been peeled,sliced,and fried at high temperatures.They are loved by consumers due to their sweet potato flavor,crispy texture,and rich taste,and have a broad market prospect.At present,the main potato varieties suitable for frying processing include the Atlantic introduced from abroad and Yunshu 304 and Yunshu 301 from China.However,due to the influence of climate and environmental conditions,these varieties often have poor disease resistance,low dry matter content,and longer growth cycles when planted in Guizhou.Guizhou is an important production and processing base for potatoes in China,with a long history of potato cultivation and domestication,and abundant agricultural seed resources.The paper evaluated and screened potato farm seeds obtained from the cold and cool areas of Guizhou for potato chip processing,and constructed a rapid propagation system for potato seedlings(potatoes)obtained in vitro,providing a basis for potato chip processing and planting production in Guizhou.The main research findings are as follows:(1)According to the content of Reducing sugar,starch and dry matter,Wei5(Grade II),Wei6(Grade I)and Bi1(Grade II),three varieties suitable for frying,were preliminarily selected from 11 farm species.Their Reducing sugar content was 0.17%,0.39% and 0.33%,starch content was 15.59%,15.55% and 22.11%,and dry matter content was 20.60%,24.15% and 28.62%,respectively;The comparative analysis of browning showed that the total phenol content was Wei 6<Bi 1<Wei 5130 min,and the degree of Autoxidation browning of tuber juice was Wei 6<Bi 1<Wei 5;There are differences in the form,color,taste,and impurities of the three varieties of freshly cut fried slices;There is no significant difference or variation in their biological characteristics such as average plant height,stem diameter,number of main stems,growth period,leaf color,stem color,and plant type;There are certain differences in the number of bud eyes,shape,potato cracks,epidermis,and flesh color of tubers among the three varieties.Potato chips are a snack food made from potatoes that have been peeled,sliced,and fried at high temperatures.They are loved by consumers due to their sweet potato flavor,crispy texture,and rich taste,and have a broad market prospect.At present,the main potato varieties suitable for frying processing include the Atlantic introduced from abroad and Yunshu 304 and Yunshu 301 from China.However,due to the influence of climate and environmental conditions,these varieties often have poor disease resistance,low dry matter content,and longer growth cycles when planted in Guizhou.Guizhou is an important production and processing base for potatoes in China,with a long history of potato cultivation and domestication,and abundant agricultural seed resources.The paper evaluated and screened potato farm seeds obtained from the cold and cool areas of Guizhou for potato chip processing,and constructed a rapid propagation system for potato seedlings(potatoes)obtained in vitro,providing a basis for potato chip processing and planting production in Guizhou.The main research findings are as follows:(1)According to the content of Reducing sugar,starch and dry matter,Wei5(Grade II),Wei6(Grade I)and Bi1(Grade II),three varieties suitable for frying,were preliminarily selected from 11 farm species.Their Reducing sugar content was 0.17%,0.39% and 0.33%,starch content was 15.59%,15.55% and 22.11%,and dry matter content was 20.60%,24.15% and 28.62%,respectively;The comparative analysis of browning showed that the total phenol content was Wei 6<Bi 1<Wei 5130 min,and the degree of Autoxidation browning of tuber juice was Wei 6<Bi 1<Wei 5;There are differences in the form,color,taste,and impurities of the three varieties of freshly cut fried slices;There is no significant difference or variation in their biological characteristics such as average plant height,stem diameter,number of main stems,growth period,leaf color,stem color,and plant type;There are certain differences in the number of bud eyes,shape,potato cracks,epidermis,and flesh color of tubers among the three varieties.(2)Based on the analysis of biochemical indicators,morphological indicators and frying quality indicators,Wei 6 potato suitable for chip processing was comprehensively screened out.The content of Reducing sugar,starch and dry matter of this variety was 0.17%,15.55% and 24.55% respectively;Its average number of bud eyes is 6,browning is slow,the diameter of the potato is 7.1cm,the potato shape is circular,and there is no hollow inside the potato;The fried slices have a high rating,showing a golden and round shape,with a rich sweet potato aroma,no impurities,and no browning;There is little variation in biological characteristics such as average plant height,stem diameter,number of main stems,growth period,leaf color,stem color,and plant type;Compared to Wei 5 and Bi 1,Wei 6 potatoes are more suitable as potato seeds for frying and processing.(3)By optimizing the hormone ratio and exogenous additives,the induction culture in vitro rapid propagation system of Wei 6 potato seedlings and tubers was constructed.The explants were sterilized with alcohol and Sodium hypochlorite,and then cultured in vitro with 1/2MS+0.6mol/L IBA+20g/L banana puree medium.The multiplication coefficient reached 6.67 in 28 days;Using 1/2MS+0.3mol/L IBA+5g/L peptone medium for rooting culture of in vitro seedlings,compared with the control group,the number of roots increased by 58.92%,the dry weight of roots increased by33.33%,and the fresh weight of roots increased by 55.31%.Using 0.6 mg/L NAA+0.6 mg/L 6-BA+120 g/L+Potato starch medium for induction culture of test tube tubers,the average diameter of test tube tubers was 5.5 mm,the average weight was 0.133 g,the end rate was 100%,the rate of large tubers was 89%,and the tuber forming period was shortened by 10-15 days.The Wei 6 potato,selected from local agricultural varieties in Guizhou,has moderate nutrients,is not prone to browning,and has excellent processing quality for fried chips.The potato type meets the processing requirements,making it a good agricultural variety that is suitable for both planting in Guizhou and processing fried chips.The constructed in vitro rapid propagation system can provide a good technical reference for the seedlings(potatoes)of Wei 6 potatoes. |
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