Study On The Effect Of Fertilization On Soil Nutrients And Corn Yield In Zhaodong Cit

Organic-inorganic fertilizer application with organic fertilizer has a good effect on the healthy development of soil ecosystem,which can improve grain yield and promote soil nutrient balance,as well as improve soil fertility.In this paper,based on the field locational trials in maize fields in Zhaodong City,the effects of five treatments,including blank control,conventional fertilizer application,optimized fertilizer application,organic fertilizer replacing 10% chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer replacing 20% chemical fertilizer,on soil nutrients and fertility process,biological traits and yield of maize in Zhaodong City were carried out,and the soil physicochemical properties and biological traits of maize in different fertilizer application treatments were comprehensively evaluated by using principal component regression analysis.The evaluation was carried out to determine the proportion of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers,and to form a scientific and efficient fertilization model to rationalize the use of organic fertilizers,so as to provide scientific basis and data support for scientific fertilization in Zhao Dong City.The main results obtained are as follows:(1)The treatment of organic fertilizer replacing 20% of chemical fertilizer can alleviate the acidification of soil and improve soil p H.The treatment with organic fertilizer replacing 20% chemical fertilizer had the lowest soil capacity.Compared with the control treatment,the soil capacity weight was reduced by 2.48%.(2)The treatment with organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer did not significantly increase soil organic matter content.However,alkaline dissolved nitrogen,effective phosphorus and fast-acting potassium contents in the soil of the treatment with organic fertilizer replacing 20% of chemical fertilizer were the highest,which were21.99%,52.6% and 12.54% higher than those of the control treatment,respectively.The total phosphorus and potassium contents of the soil in the treatment of organic fertilizer replacing 20% chemical fertilizer were also the highest,higher than 11.17% and 4.13%of the control treatment,respectively,while the treatment of organic fertilizer replacing20% chemical fertilizer could increase the amount of soil cation exchange.(3)Compared with the control treatment,the organic fertilizer substitution 20%chemical fertilizer treatment could promote the growth of maize biological traits,in which plant height,ear position,stalk thickness,ear length and ear thickness increased by 15.6 cm,8.5 cm,0.2 cm,2.4 cm and 0.24 cm,respectively;and this treatment could significantly increase maize yield by 19.97%.(4)The organic fertilizer substitution of 20% chemical fertilizer treatment had the highest economic benefit with 7.68% increase in yield.There were positive correlations between maize yield and total nutrients,fast-acting nutrients and cation exchange and highly significant correlations with alkaline nitrogen,effective phosphorus,total potassium and cation exchange.The results of the principal component regression analysis showed that the treatment with organic fertilizer replacing 20% of chemical fertilizer had the highest score,which indicated that the treatment with organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer could improve the soil physical and chemical properties to a greater extent and promote the growth and development of corn.In conclusion,the field experiment showed that the treatment of organic fertilizer replacing 20% chemical fertilizer could improve soil physicochemical properties,biological traits and yield of maize,and optimal economic benefits compared with other treatments,which is the best fertilization mode applicable to maize fields in Zhaodong City and helps to achieve sustainable development of maize production in Zhaodong City.