Study On The Effect Of Organic Substitution On Weight Loss And Improvement Of Oasis Spring Wheat

【Objective】There is a problem of excessive fertilizer application and low fertilizer utilization rate of spring wheat in oasis of Xinjiang.We hope to reduce the application of chemical fertilizer and increase fertilizer utilization rate on the premise of ensuring stable wheat yield and even increasing wheat yield.The purpose of this experiment was to carry out a fixed-point fertilization experiment for three consecutive years in the experimental station of Shihezi University,to clarify the possible effects of different reduced fertilizer ratios on spring wheat in oasis of Xinjiang,and at the same time to explore and study the best ratio of organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer.It provides the basis for reducing chemical fertilizer and increasing organic fertilizer in Xinjiang oasis spring wheat.【Method】The experiment was carried out in Shihezi University Agricultural Trial Field and Shihezi University Experimental Station in Shihezi City,Xinjiang Province from 2018 to 2020,and the experimental crop was wheat(Spring 38).Study different fertilizer application reduction ratio(CK: Nofertilizer;CF: Conventional fertilization;RF6: Reduce fertilizer application by 6%;RF12: Reduce fertilizer application by 12%;RF18: Reduce fertilizer application by 18%;RF24:Reduce fertilizer application by 24%),different replacement rates of organic fertilizer(CK: No fertilizer;CF: Conventional fertilization;SF6: Organic fertilizer replaces 6% chemical fertilizer;SF12: Organic fertilizer replaces 12% chemical fertilizer;SF18: Organic fertilizer replaces 18%chemical fertilizer;SF24: Organic fertilizer to replace 24% of chemical fertilizer),Organic fertilizer to replace 20% of chemical fertilizer field demonstration test(CK: No fertilizer;CF:Conventional fertilization;SF: organic fertilizer to replace 20% chemical fertilizer)on the growth and development of wheat,nutrient absorption and utilization,yield and its constituent factors and soil nutrients,to determine the effects of different proportion of chemical fertilizer reduction and the most suitable proportion of organic fertilizer to replace spring wheat oasis in Xinjiang.【Results】1.Through the different proportion of fertilizer reduction for three consecutive years was found,RF12,RF18,RF24 processing results in a decreased soil available nutrients and decline of the absorption of nutrients accumulation of wheat,dry matter accumulation of wheat as affected by chemical fertilizer reduce and decreases,and with the increase of fixed number of year of the test,the wheat yield decreased more significantly between the groups,There was no significant difference between RF6 treatment with a small amount of chemical fertilizer and conventional fertilization.2.Organic fertilizer can replace part of chemical fertilizer,which can not only reduce the application of chemical fertilizer,but also improve soil available nutrients such as alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium,among which SF18 and SF24 treatments have better effects on increasing available soil nutrients than other treatments.The substitution of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer could also increase wheat yield by increasing yield components such as panicle number and 1000-grain weight,among which the substitution of organic fertilizer for 18% and 24% of chemical fertilizer for three consecutive years increased wheat yield by 3.72% and 4.31% compared with conventional fertilizer.3.Through three years of field demonstration experiments,it was found that organic fertilizer replacing 20% chemical fertilizer did not significantly increase wheat yield,but it could significantly increase the contents of available nutrients such as alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in soil,promote the absorption and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients in wheat,and improve the fertilizer utilization rate(the agro utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 32.85%-38.74%higher).【Conclusion】The reduction of a small amount of chemical fertilizer did not cause a significant decrease in soil nutrient content and wheat yield,but the reduction of 12% or higher percentage of chemical fertilizer could cause a significant decrease in soil nutrient content and wheat yield.Replacing 18% and 24% of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer could not only ensure stable wheat yield,but also increase soil available nutrient content,promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients of wheat,and improve fertilizer utilization rate.