| Broussonetia papyrifera has the advantages of high protein content and high yield,but it has problems such as low water-soluble carbohydrate content,high buffering degree,and poor fermentation quality.In order to overcome these problems,ensure the fermentation quality of silage,and obtain high-quality silage with balanced nutrients,not only Additives can be added,and gramineous forage can be added during silage to break through the current situation of poor single silage effect.Pennisetum sinese Roxb is the dominant plant in Guizhou.It has the advantages of wide planting area,low maintenance cost,and large yield.However,it is difficult to prepare high-quality hay in the same season of rain and heat in this province.Use paper mulberry and imperial pennisetum sinese mixed silage,make full and rational use of forage resources,solve the shortage of forage grass resources in the off-season,reduce a large amount of waste of resources,give full play to the compensation effect of different forage grasses,and respond to the call of high-quality and economical animal husbandry,using high-quality silage technology to play its due benefits.In order to screen out the best ratio and the most suitable additive for the mixed silage of paper mulberry and rambutan in Guizhou,the study was conducted by adding three different silage additives(formic acid,mixed lactic acid bacteria and Amomum essential oil)to three ratios(paper mulberry: The nutritional quality,fermentation quality and changes of microbial diversity of the mixed silage of Bamboo grass 70%:30%(70% BP),50% BP and 30% BP)were studied.The results of the study are as follows:(1)Both the mixing ratio and the additives could significantly improve the nutritional quality of the mixed silage of paper mulberry and pennisetum sinese(P<0.05).With the increase of paper mulberry content,the contents of CP,DM,ADF,NDF and AN/TN in the mixed storage material increased gradually.In addition,the addition of formic acid,compound lactic acid bacteria and Amomum essential oil can significantly increase the contents of DM,CP and WSC,and reduce the values of ADF,NDF and AN/TN.The mixed ratio of 70%BP,adding formic acid or amomum essential oil additives is good quality.(2)The mixing proportion,additives and fermentation days significantly influenced the fermentation quality of mixed silage of paper mulberry and japonica(P<0.05).Mixture proportion of 30% BP had the lowest p H value;70% BP and 50%BP had the highest LA content;70% BP had the lowest PA and BA content.The additive can reduce the p H value of the mixed silage,increase the LA content,reduce the production of PA and BA,and improve the fermentation quality of the silage to varying degrees.Among them,when fermented for 30 days,the mixing ratio was 70%BP and 50% BP,and formic acid additive was added to obtain silage with higher fermentation quality.In addition,the p H value increased at 60 d of fermentation,and PA and BA appeared in most of the treatment groups.Therefore,the fermentation time of the mixed silage of paper mulberry and imperial bamboo grass should be controlled between 30-60 d.(3)From the changes of bacterial community composition,it can be seen that the mixing ratio,the types of additives and the fermentation time significantly affect the microbial diversity of silage.At the bacterial genus level,70% BP treatment can inhibit harmful bacteria and reduce the loss of nutrients.The mixed storage material with additives can effectively reduce the relative abundance of Clostridium-sensu-stricto-12 and Caproiciproducens and increase the content of Lactobacillus.Among them,in the proportion of 70% BP,adding Amomum chinensis essential oil additive is the best.The comprehensive analysis shows that the mixing ratio is paper mulberry: 70%of Pennisetum sinese: 30%,and the comprehensive quality of the mixed silage treated with formic acid or Amomum essential oil additives is better.In production practice,it is recommended that the silage fermentation time be 30-60 d. |
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