A Contrastive Analysis Of Collective Classifiers "Huo,Qun,Dui,Pi" And Suggestions On Chinese As A Foreign Language

In the Chinese expression system,classifiers are a unique class of words,which are rich in types and widely used,and have always been one of the difficulties in Chinese as a foreign language.The set classifiers of "huo,qun,dui,pi" overlap in semantics and usage,but are not entirely the same,causing difficulties for Chinese learners’ acquisition and teachers’ teaching.This article is based on the prototype category theory,metaphorical metonymy theory,and three plane theory.It explores the diachronic semantic evolution of this set of classifiers by combining their word origins,and comprehensively describes them in a synchronic plane using a corpus to analyze similarities and differences.Based on the corpus bias,corresponding teaching suggestions are proposed.From a diachronic perspective,combining the "Shuowen Jiezi" with the ancient Chinese corpus,this study explores the word origin and semantic evolution path of the set quantifiers "huo,qun,dui,pi",focusing on grasping their core semantic features,paying attention to the expansion of their collocation objects under the promotion of metaphorical and metonymic mechanisms,and clarifying cognitive reasoning.In terms of synchronicity,descriptive analysis is conducted from three aspects: syntax,semantics,and pragmatics.In terms of syntax,the language usage rules and ability to combine and match with other syntactic components of the set quantifier "huo,qun,dui,pi" are examined from the structural forms of "number+quantity+name","form+quantity","finger+quantity+name",and overlapping forms;In terms of semantics,the semantic features of this group of set classifiers are examined separately through the use of noun quantity collocations,and then comparative analysis is conducted to clarify the similarities and differences in semantics of this group of collective classifiers;In terms of pragmatics,analyze the differences in pragmatics from three aspects: emotional color,stylistic color,and visual color.Then,based on the relevant error data in the HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus,the types of errors are summarized into five categories: misuse,addition,omission,misorder,and writing errors.The reasons for errors are explored from both the textbook and the learner.Based on ontology knowledge and error analysis,propose teaching suggestions.The compilation of textbooks can increase the content of Chinese annotations and typical name combinations,and arrange targeted exercises reasonably;In classroom teaching,teachers can use categorization theory to help students learn noun quantity collocation,pay attention to the explanation of grammar rules of collective classifiers,master synonymous classifiers through comparison and discrimination,and use a variety of teaching methods to mobilize students’ enthusiasm.Finally,summarize the entire text,pointing out shortcomings and areas for improvement.